BUSI 310 Quiz 3 Organizing & Success solutions complete answers

BUSI 310 Quiz 3 Organizing & Success solutions complete answers

 

Advocates of quality of work life (QWL) programs assert that it benefits the organization by

 

Constitutionalism in the workplace refers to

 

A low need for affiliation and a moderate to high need for power are associated with

 

According to expectancy theory, valence

 

Jed, an operations manager, struggles with staffing the unpopular night shift, where all new employees are initially assigned. The turnover is high, morale is poor, and performance is dismal. Jed has tried positive reinforcement, offering rewards for punctuality and good work habits; this approach failed. He has also tried the extinction approach, also with little success. Finally, he punished wrongdoers, and that also failed to bring about any desired change. If Jed now tries negative reinforcement, what might be a proper approach?

 

Jameson said to his employee, "Stephan, I will be out next week on client business. In my absence, I'd like you to serve as acting manager. On Monday, I'd like you to lead our weekly sales meeting. Also, please assign client contacts to the sales staff for the upcoming trade show. Lastly, decide upon final terms for our contract with People's Power, and negotiate that contract to closure. I'm glad that I can count on you." In empowering his employee, Jameson has

 

For optimum effectiveness, managers should provide employees with feedback

 

"Charles, I have some disturbing data," said the vice president of human resources. "Our company has suffered increases in turnover, absenteeism, lawsuits by employees and former employees, injury and illness claims, and customer complaints. About the only thing that hasn't increased is our productivity." Charles replied, "I have unfortunately come to recognize these workforce characteristics. They are a sign of

 

Malik is demoralized and unmotivated. He tells his coworker, "I'm at a dead end in this job. Believe me, I would love to get a raise or a promotion. But no matter how well I do, I'll never get that kind of recognition." In the context of the expectancy theory, this illustrates

 

The manager of operations, who is a critic of quality of work life programs, told the firm's manager of human resources, "I'm not convinced that a QWL program will necessarily inspire employees to work harder. Rather, I want us to tie rewards directly to

 

Jeanette was pleased to reward her top sales professional with a hefty bonus for the third year in a row because of his increasingly large sales figures. He said, "Jeanette, you keep providing __________ as a consequence of my efforts, and I will keep posting excellent sales!"

 

Donte was given a surprise $500 bonus, and his supervisor told him that if he continued to post numbers as he did that month, he would receive a bonus each month. Donte was motivated to go all out and do his best every month. This shows the power of

 

A survey by Mental Health America found that a top contributor to employee dissatisfaction is

 

Which statement is true of growth need strength?

 

Stretch goals can shift people away from

 

In terms of organizational agility, technology refers to the methods, processes, systems, and skills used to

 

What premise specifically states that people have conscious goals that energize them and direct their thoughts and behaviors toward a particular end?

 

In Declan’s annual performance review, he submitted his draft goals for the upcoming year. One of his goals was to "Improve my punctuality." His boss responded, "No, that goal is not acceptable, based on your poor attendance record. Your goal needs to be __________ so that you and I can monitor and measure whether or not you are attaining it."

 

Viktor’s work performance has greatly improved over the course of the past two months, so his boss decided to upgrade his status from that of a temporary employee to that of a permanent employee. This is an example of

 

Which statement is accurate regarding the importance of Maslow's need hierarchy for managers?

 

According to expectancy theory, what must occur for motivation to be high?

 

Which statement is accurate about a matrix organization?

 

In organizing, coordination refers to

 

In the context of delegation, a common problem faced by a subordinate in carrying out a delegated task is

 

Which statement is accurate according to Maslow's need hierarchy?

 

Galaxy Corporation and Adventure Inc. often compete with one another in the marketplace. A new business area is emerging that appeals to both firms. However, organizations that will successfully compete in the new business area will need to have a robust laboratory capability as well as an established construction capability. Galaxy has the former, and Adventure has the latter. Although unusual for two competitors, they negotiate and create a(n) __________. Under the terms of this agreement, the two firms formally and jointly pursue their mutual goals.

 

__________ is an example of positive reinforcement.

 

For a workplace goal to be motivating, it

 

In decentralized organizations, decision making occurs at the level of the people who are most directly __________ and have the most __________ about the problem.

 

Generally speaking, managers in the United States are motivated most by

 

A(n) __________ refers to a set of perceptions of what employees think their employers owe them and vice versa.

 

What is a characteristic of a mechanistic organization?

 

In a centralized organization, __________ make all the important decisions.

 

Jones is the marketing manager at a small firm. In addition to his marketing-related duties, he has recently been put in charge of recruitment, at his request. This is an example of

 

Janelle recently accepted a job with a reputed bank as an internal auditor. Her new company had strictly defined job responsibilities and lines of communication. For every decision she needed to make, approval had to be obtained from upper management. Overall, she found the atmosphere to be quite formal. Janelle’s organization has a

 

Which statement is supported by equity theory?

 

Which statement about delegation of responsibility and authority is correct?

 

Managers can cope with high uncertainty and heavy information demands by reducing the need for information or

 

Arun, the manager at Advanced Solutions, took an employee off probation because of her improved performance, illustrating

 

Hector, a manager at Roseland Corp., recently illustrated __________ by promoting two employees because their performance had greatly improved.

 

Merrick tells his sales manager, "Our staff are dissatisfied, and they have lacked good citizenship since we lost the big account." What does Merrick mean regarding lacking good citizenship?

 

Global Gold, Inc. manufactures and distributes athletic wear, sporting equipment, and protective sports gear worldwide. They are departmentalized based on products sold to professional athletes, products sold to people who pursue sports only for leisure, and products sold to sports teams. Which divisional approach does the company follow?

 

A characteristic feature of matrix organizations is that

 

Brady loves his job. It offers him the opportunity to meet lots of people, to work outdoors, and to do things his own way. Brady often jokes that he would be glad to do his job even if he is not given any pay. This sense of fulfillment is an example of

 

Horizontal stretch goals involve what area of an organization?

 

The approach to __________ involves feedback and discussions to jointly figure out how to approach problems and devise solutions agreeable to everyone.

 

Howard wanted to delegate an important task to a subordinate, and he had several candidates in mind. He decided to delegate the task to Arjun, who is not only capable but who also offers the advantage of

 

Peyton wanted to delegate an important task to a subordinate, and he had several candidates in mind. He decided to delegate the task to Von, who was not only capable but who would also

 

Trident Sports Inc. manufactures and distributes athletic wear, sporting equipment, and protective sports gear worldwide. They are departmentalized based on products sold to professional athletes, products sold to people who pursue sports only for leisure, and products sold to sports teams. Which approach to departmentalization does the company follow?

 

Clifford is the marketing manager in a small firm. In addition to his marketing-related duties, he is also in charge of recruitment. This is an example of

 

The span of control should be wide when

 

Henry, a manager at Roberts Corp., recently illustrated __________ by promoting two employees because their performance had greatly improved.

 

The law of __________ states that behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated.

 

__________ are the rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person.

 

__________ formulated the law of effect.

 

Matrix management

 

When delegating work responsibilities to a subordinate, a manager delegates any __________ to the subordinate.

 

In job __________, workers are given additional tasks at a higher level of responsibility.

 

In Maslow’s need hierarchy, __________ need refers to a need for friendship, affection, belonging, and love.

 

Kendrick’s job responsibilities have recently been changed as part of a decentralization effort taking place at his office. He has been given the authority to decide when a file’s status is to be altered, rather than only altering files at his supervisor’s discretion. This is an example of

 

Select the statement that is true according to Maslow’s need hierarchy.

 

In the context of Alderfer’s ERG theory, existence needs

 

Select the statement that is supported by equity theory.

 

In the context of technology configurations, which of the following is true of continuous process technologies?

 

_____ create a workplace that enhances employee well-being and satisfaction.

 

Which of the following is true of flexible factories?

 

According to expectancy theory, instrumentality is

 

Select the statement that is true of growth need strength.

 

When Courtney, a front-line manager, asked her subordinate, Jordan, to invite a client to a function, Jordan forgot. When the company president asked Courtney why the client was not there, Courtney explained why. In this scenario, who holds responsibility for the error?

 

Stretch goals are the

 

A disadvantage of the traditional functional approach to departmentalization is that

 

Constitutionalism refers to

 

Unhappy with his performance review, Sid said, "C'mon boss. You're saying that I have been using the incorrect format when documenting instances of production waste in my weekly operations reports all year long, and that this finding has resulted in a below-average performance review and a below-average salary increase. That's not fair…this is a surprise to me. If you would have provided regular, ongoing feedback, I would have

 

______ is the act of applying a consequence that increases the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to that result.

 

In the horizontal structure of a firm, line departments

 

In decentralized organizations, decision making occurs at the level of the people who are most directly_______________ and have the most __________ about the problem.

 

Pete, a human resource intern, was given an assignment by his manager that meant he must obtain information from other departments to complete it, but some departments refused to share information with an intern. Pete was frustrated because he did not have the power to get the information he needed. In the context of this situation, Pete's manager made the mistake of

 

______ is the perceived likelihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome.

 

_____________________ is an example of extinction.

 

An advantage of functional departmentalization is that

 

Pablo's work performance has greatly improved over the course of the past two months, so his boss decided to upgrade his status from that of a temporary employee to that of a permanent employee. This is an example of

 

_____ theory states that people have conscious goals that energize them and direct their thoughts and behaviors toward a particular end.

 

In Herzberg's two-factor theory, ____________ are characteristics of the workplace, such as company policies, working conditions, pay, and supervision, that can make people dissatisfied.

 

Kobe, the manager at NetTrue Corp., took an employee off probation because of improved performance, illustrating

 

____ are positive consequences that motivate behavior.

 

For a goal to be motivating, it

 

Advocates of QWL claim that it improves

 

The need for achievement is important for leaders and managers in all of the following countries except

 

A ______ is an organization skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge as well as at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights. 

 

A _________ organization is one in which top management ensures that there is consensus about the direction in which the business is heading. 

 

1.
According to Maslow, people are motivated to satisfy the _____ needs before they try to satisfy the _____ needs.
 
 
2.
According to McClelland, the most important needs for managers are the needs for
 
 
3.
All of the following characteristics may be seen if there is job dissatisfaction except
 
 
4.
At a helicopter plant in the United States, an army of consultants arrived one day, without explanation. The rumor mill kicked in; employees guessed the plant would be shut down or some of them would be laid off. Three months later, management unveiled its new plan, involving a new method of manufacturing based on teams. But management did not adequately answer questions about the purpose of the changes, employees resisted, conflicts arose, and the formerly popular plant manager lost the trust of his people. Costs skyrocketed, and quality plummeted. In this example, it would have been better if the manager had practiced
 
 
5.
Bradley's job responsibilities have recently been changed as part of a decentralization effort taking place at his office. He has been given the authority to decide when a file's status is to be altered, rather than only altering files at his supervisor's discretion. This is an example of
 
 
6.
The general goal of quality of work life (QWL) programs is to satisfy the full range of employee needs.
 
 
7.
Growth need strength is best defined as
 
 
8.
How do people assess equity?
 
 
9.
_______ is a consequence a person receives for his or her performance.
 
 
10.
______ is the act of administering an aversive consequence.
 
 
11.
______ is the act of giving people additional tasks at the same time to alleviate boredom.
 
 
12.
_____ is the practice of using a fair process in decision making and making sure others know that the process is as fair as possible.
 
 
13.
________ is the process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization.
 
 
14.
Laurel loves his job. It offers him the opportunity to meet lots of people, to work outdoors, and to do things his own way. Laurel often jokes that he would be glad to do his job even if he is not given any pay. This sense of fulfillment is an example of
 
 
15.
Low need for affiliation and moderate to high need for power are associated with
 
 
16.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes physiological needs.
 
 
17.
The Maslow's need hierarchy is different from Alderfer's ERG theory in that
 
 
18.
McClelland has termed power that is used as a negative force as
 
 
19.
Motivation refers to forces that
 
 
20.
Negative reinforcement involves the threat of punishment by not delivering punishment when employees perform satisfactorily.
 
 
21.
On receiving feedback, one should ideally
 
 
22.
Providing work-related goals is an extremely effective way to stimulate motivation.
 
 
23.
The _____ states that behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated.
 
 
24.
What is the benefit of having people participate in the goal setting for their work?
 
 
25.
What type of goal should a manager not establish?
 
 
26.
When absenteeism increases and productivity decreases, the manager is dealing with
 
 
27.
Which of the following statements is true of growth need strength?
 
 
28.
Which of the following statements is true of valence?
 
 
29.
Which of the following statements regarding Maslow's need hierarchy is true?
 
 
30.
Who formulated the law of effect?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1.
Andrea, an enterprising individual, wants to open a store in her town. She wants her store to be of the same type as a popular coffee chain that is successfully operating in a city nearby. Andrea wants to become a(n):
 
 
2.
_____ are protected environments for new, small businesses offering low rents and shared costs.
 
 
3.
Entrepreneurs, in part because they are very busy, often fail to use _____, resulting in inadequate margins to support growth.
 
 
4.
The first step toward building organizational support for an idea that involves explaining the idea and seeking approval to look for wider support is known as:
 
 
5.
Identify a true statement about delegation.
 
 
6.
In a(n) _____ organization, important decisions usually are made at the top.
 
 
7.
In a(n) _____ organization, top managers make all the decisions and pass them down to lower levels for implementation.
 
 
8.
In a _____ organization, jobs (and departments) are specialized and grouped as production, marketing, human resources, research and development, finance, accounting, and so forth based on the skills they require.
 
 
9.
In the context of a firm's vertical structure, a powerful trend for U.S. businesses over the past few decades has been to:
 
 
10.
In the context of horizontal structure of a firm, subdividing an organization into smaller units is known as:
 
 
11.
In the context of successful business models for e-commerce, sites that pay commissions to other sites to drive business to their own sites involve the _____ model.
 
 
12.
In the context of the fundamentals of organizing, coordination refers to:
 
 
13.
In the context of the vertical structure of a firm, a wide span of control builds a _____ organization with few reporting levels.
 
 
14.
"Loading the gun," or lining up ammunition in support of one's idea, is a phrase used by managers at General Electric that parallels which stage of building support for an idea?
 
 
15.
The number of subordinates who report directly to an executive or supervisor is known as the:
 
 
16.
_____ offer a way for a business to raise capital through federally registered and underwritten sales of shares in a company.
 
 
17.
An organization skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge as well as at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights is known as a:
 
 
18.
An organization that resists entrepreneurial initiative:
 
 
19.
Polo Corp. brings buyers and sellers together and charges a commission for each sale. This type of business model is known the:
 
 
20.
The process by which enterprising individuals initiate, manage, and assume the risks and rewards associated with a business is known as a(n):
 
 
21.
The pursuit of lucrative opportunities by enterprising individuals under conditions of uncertainty is known as:
 
 
22.
Scenario A
Use the information in the following paragraph to answer the following questions. Your roommate comes in after class to tell you, with great excitement, that she has decided to become an entrepreneur. Her reasons are these: First, she is something of a gambler, so she believes entrepreneurship is a perfect match for her personality. Second, she is an admitted "control freak". She is confident that all it takes is a good idea and that money will surely follow. Finally, she made 650 on her SATs, so her success, she feels, is a certainty.

Your roommate has accurately described some of the _____ of entrepreneurship.
 
 
23.
Scenario B. At a business convention, you meet the managers of many organizations. You find that they hold different job titles. Paul is the vice president for human resources at his company and Amanda is the regional vice president for eastern United States at her firm. Derek is the coordinator for sales and he reports to his marketing supervisor as well as to his department supervisor.
 
 
24.
Scenario B
Use the information in the following paragraph to answer the following questions. After reviewing the history of many successful entrepreneurial ventures, a few interesting cases stand out. They are: · Holmes Clinic's health care kiosks in supermarkets. · The biometric software of Neon Inc. that can assist in identifying runaways, shoplifters, or terrorists. · The molecular bar coding system of Cube Corp. · The tourism industry at Mount Helens, a volcano that recently erupted, in the United States.

Holmes Clinic is an example of a business that was created as a result of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

25.
Scenario C
Use the information given below to answer the questions below the paragraph. Three entrepreneurs describe their ventures in the following manner: · Oliver: "I have invested very little money but I am the first to launch the product in the market." · Liz: "I have invested very little money in my business for a product with minimal competition for demand in the market." · Rupert: "I have spent an incredible amount of money starting-up my business in an industry with many well-established competitors."

According to the entrepreneurial strategy matrix, Rupert's venture can be described as:
 
 
26.
The side street effect refers to:
 
 
27.
True Ketchup Inc. manufactures and distributes sauces, pickles, and spices. The company has separate divisions responsible for developing and marketing each item. Thus, the company has adopted a _____ approach to departmentalization.
 
 
28.
Unicorn Sports Inc. manufactures and distributes athletic wear, sporting equipment, and protective sports gear worldwide. They are departmentalized based on products sold to professional athletes, products sold to people who pursue sports only for leisure, and products sold to sports teams. Which approach to departmentalization does the company follow?
 
 
29.
Veronica recently accepted a job with a reputed bank as an internal auditor. She found that her job was quite different from her previous internships. Her new company had strictly defined job responsibilities and lines of communication. For every decision she needed to make, approval had to be obtained from upper management. Overall, she found the atmosphere to be quite formal. Veronica's organization has a:
 
 
30.
Which of the following approaches to departmentalization requires proper management of all the issues surrounding decentralization and delegation for it to be effective?
 
 
31.
Which of the following devotes too much attention to financial projections while neglecting other important information that is important to investors?
 
 
32.
Which of the following is a benefit of business incubators?
 
 
33.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-involvement organization?
 
 
34.
Which of the following is a function of a business plan?
 
 
35.
Which of the following is the purpose of an opportunity analysis?
 
 
36.
Which of the following is true of effective delegation?
 
 
37.
Which of the following statements about delegation of responsibility and authority is true?
 
 
38.
Which of the following statements about matrix organization is true?
 
 
39.
Which of the following statements is true of entrepreneurship?
 
 
40.
Which of the following types of information is conveyed by a traditional organization chart?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1.
All the _____ of a firm are directly involved in managing its operations.
 
 
2.
As large companies try to regain the responsiveness of small companies, they often consider
 
 
3.
Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) supports the production of _____ and _____ products at the same time.
 
 
4.
An employee who has _______ is supposed to carry out specified tasks. 
 
 
5.
First Health Inc. and Quadra Software Solutions Inc. have decided to share resources to produce a meal planning program for use at home. The two firms have decided to work together on the project since they cannot develop the project solely with their individual resources. Both organizations will own the resulting program. This effort is known as a
 
 
6.
If a manager delegates responsibility to a subordinate, he or she is
 
 
7.
In a large batch organization, structure tends to be more
 
 
8.
In an organization, _____ may be valuable when departments have different priorities or conflicting goals, which need to be mediated by top management.
 
 
9.
In a(n) _____ organization, top managers make all the decisions and pass them down to lower levels for implementation.
 
 
10.
In _____ organizations, more decisions are made at lower levels of management.
 
 
11.
in organizing, coordination is
 
 
12.
In the _____ approach task responsibilities are clear and managers are more independent and accountable. 
 
 
13.
In the ____ approach to organization structure, decision making is decentralized to a level where information is processed properly and relevant knowledge is applied.
 
 
14.
In the context of a firm's vertical structure, a powerful trend for U.S. businesses over the past few decades has been to
 
 
15.
In the context of integration, which of the following is true of the findings of Lawrence and Lorsch?
 
 
16.
In the context of organizational agility, which of the following is true of learning organizations?
 
 
17.
In the context of technology configurations, a small, local restaurant with one cook, two servers, and one cashier is an example of a
 
 
18.
In the presence of which of the following conditions should the span of control be wide?
 
 
19.
_____ is a way of managing in which everyone is committed to continuous improvement of his or her part of the operation.
 
 
20.
A _____ is composed of temporary arrangements among members that can be assembled and reassembled to meet a changing competitive environment.
 
 
21.
_______ is the production of both high-volume and high-variety products at the same time.
 
 
22.
Learning organizations share ideas throughout the organization via all of the following except
 
 
23.
The _____ step in effective delegation of work responsibilities is selecting the person to whom one will delegate the work.
 
 
24.
Subdividing an organization into smaller units in a horizontal structure is
 
 
25.
True Ketchup Inc. manufactures and distributes sauces, pickles, and spices. The company has separate divisions responsible for developing and marketing each item. Thus, the company has adopted a _____ approach to departmentalization.
 
 
27.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-involvement organization?
 
 
28.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of a matrix organization?
 
 
29.
Which of the following is an advantage of functional departmentalization?
 
 
30.
Which of the following is true of a network organization?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1.
A 360-degree appraisal is the process of using multiple sources of appraisal to gain a comprehensive perspective on one's performance. In this process, feedback is obtained from all of the following except
 
 
2.
According to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), a disability is strictly defined as
 
 
3.
The approach to coordination, __________, involves feedback and discussions to jointly figure out how to approach problems and devise solutions that are agreeable to everyone.
 
 
4.
The assignment of different tasks to different people or groups is the:
 
 
5.
Awareness building in diversity training is designed to
 
 
6.
Cohesiveness is very high in the case of a diversified workforce.
 
 
7.
Employers who have adopted onsite child care report decreased turnover, decreased absenteeism, and improved morale.
 
 
8.
Identify one of the following as a characteristic feature of matrix organizations. 
 
 
9.
If a manager delegates responsibility to a subordinate, he or she is
 
 
10.
In an organization, _____ may be valuable when departments have different priorities or conflicting goals, which need to be mediated by top management.
 
 
11.
______, in organizational integration, means establishing common routines and operating procedures that apply uniformly to everyone.
 
 
12.
In the context of _____ at the workplace, hostile environment occurs when submission to or rejection of sexual conduct is used as a basis for employment decisions.
 
 
13.
In the context of delegation, a problem faced by a subordinate in carrying out a delegated task is
 
 
14.
In the context of horizontal structure of a firm, _____ are those that have responsibility for the principal activities of the firm.
 
 
15.
In the context of selection for employment, _____ is/are now frequently used as a screening instrument.
 
 
16.
In the United States, demographic trends have contributed to a
 
 
17.
In today's service and technology economy, more positions require
 
 
18.
An invisible barrier that makes it difficult for certain groups, such as minorities and women, to move beyond a certain level in the organizational hierarchy is referred to as the
 
 
19.
________ is the assignment of different tasks to different people or groups in an organization.
 
 
20.
_____ is the expectation that employees will perform a job, take corrective action when necessary, and report upward on the status and quality of their performance.
 
 
21.
_____ is the legal concept that an employee may be terminated for any reason.
 
 
22.
Jeffery applied for a summer job as a bookkeeper. As part of his employment screening, he was asked to take an exam with numerical aptitude questions. This type of selection test is referred to as a
 
 
23.
Managing diversity at the workplace typically involves such basic activities as
 
 
24.
Mila was refused a job, in spite of the fact that she had all the required qualifications. The reason for this rejection was that she reacted negatively to an illicit comment made by her interviewer on her dressing. Based on the given information, it would be most accurate to say that Mila is a victim of
 
 
25.
On a day-to-day basis, which of the following is a concern of human resources managers?
 
 
26.
One of the criteria for creating a competitive advantage through human resources is that they should be
 
 
27.
Recent surveys suggest that employers place the greatest emphasis on responses to newspaper advertisements.
 
 
28.
Reference information is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain as a result of several highly publicized lawsuits.
 
 
29.
_____ refers to degree to which differentiated work units work together and coordinate their efforts.
 
 
30.
__________ refers to the submission to or rejection of sexual conduct that is used as a basis for employment decisions.
 
 
31.
The selection technique that involves asking each applicant the same questions and comparing their responses to a standardized set of answers is a(n)
 
 
32.
The similarity between monolithic organizations and pluralistic organizations is that
 
 
33.
The _____ step in effective delegation of work responsibilities is selecting the person to whom one will delegate the work.
 
 
34.
_____ tests are administered by employers to assess the honesty of a job candidate.
 
 
35.
To be effective in cultures that exhibit a greater power distance, managers often must behave
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

36.
To correct the past exclusion of women and minorities, companies introduced _____ special efforts to recruit and hire qualified members of groups that have been discriminated against in the past.
 
 
37.
_____ today refers to far more than skin color and gender.
 
 
38.
The traditional American image of diversity emphasized assimilation.
 
 
39.
When objective performance measures are unavailable but the company still wants to base pay on performance, it uses a(n)
 
 
40.
Which of the following conditions should be met for the lean manufacturing approach to result in more effective operations?
 
 
41.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-involvement organization?
 
 
42.
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of pluralistic organizations?
 
 
44.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the traditional approaches to departmentalization?
 
 
45.
Which of the following is an advantage of delegation?
 
 
46.
Which of the following is a step taken by companies when there is a labor surplus?
 
 
47.
Which of the following is not a common training method?
 
 
48.
Which of the following is true of just-in-time (JIT)?
 
 
49.
Which of the following is true of the provisions of the Equal Pay Act (EPA) of 1963?
 
 
50.
Which of the following types of interview explores what candidates have actually done in the past?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

3.
Identify one of the following as a true statement about delegation.
 
 
4.
In a(n) _____ organization, important decisions usually are made at the top.
 
 
5.
In a _____ organization, jobs (and departments) are specialized and grouped as production, marketing, human resources, research and development, finance, accounting, and so forth based on the skills they require.
 
 
6.
______, in organizational integration, means establishing common routines and operating procedures that apply uniformly to everyone.
 
 
9.
In the ____ approach to organization structure, decision making is decentralized to a level where information is processed properly and relevant knowledge is applied.
 
 
10.
In the context of horizontal structure of a firm, _____ are those that have responsibility for the principal activities of the firm.
 
 
11.
In the context of technology configurations, which of the following is true of large batch technologies?
 
 
12.
In the presence of which of the following conditions should the span of control be wide?
 
 
13.
In the vertical structure of a firm, authority is the
 
 
14.
______ introduced one of the most important contributions to total quality management—statistical tools to analyze the causes of product defects.
 
 
15.
_____ is a companywide philosophy oriented toward eliminating waste and improving materials throughout all operations.
 
 
16.
__________ is a structure with authority directly related to the three broad levels of the organizational pyramid.
 
 
17.
_____ is the expectation that employees will perform a job, take corrective action when necessary, and report upward on the status and quality of their performance.
 
 
18.
The organization chart depicts the
 
 
19.
________ organization has departmentalization that groups units around products, customers, or geographic regions.
 
 
20.
_______ reorients managers toward involving people across departments in improving all aspects of the business.
 
 
21.
Technology supports agility through
 
 
22.
True Ketchup Inc. manufactures and distributes sauces, pickles, and spices. The company has separate divisions responsible for developing and marketing each item. Thus, the company has adopted a _____ approach to departmentalization.
 
 
23.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the traditional approaches to departmentalization?
 
 
24.
Which of the following is an advantage of functional departmentalization?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
________ suggests that managers should make performance instrumental toward positive outcomes.
 
Use the information in the following paragraph to answer the two questions that follow. Suppose that as a manager, you have a group of employees whom you find very difficult to motivate. One of them, a young man named Billy, consistently tells you that he doesn't believe he will ever succeed. He regularly tells his colleagues that "no matter how well I do in this job, I'll never get a raise or promotion." Another named Sally simply does not care about any of the rewards that your organization offers and so she says, "it just isn't worth it to work that hard!" 

On the basis of the given information, it would be most accurate to say that Billy illustrates
 
________ involves the instances of withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence.
 
According to Maslow's need hierarchy, which of the following statements is true?
Which of the following is an example of extinction?
 

Alderfer's ERG theory primarily focuses on
In Maslow's need hierarchy, which of the following levels of need includes the need for recognition and respect from others?
Jacob, the manager at Damon Corp., recently promoted two employees as their performance had greatly improved. This action is an example of
 
The Maslow's need hierarchy is different from Alderfer's ERG theory in that
 
________ means that jobs are restructured or redesigned by adding higher levels of responsibility.
 
According to ________, characteristics of the workplace termed hygiene factors will not necessarily motivate workers.
 
When absenteeism increases and productivity decreases, the manager is dealing with
 
Use the information in the following paragraph to answer the two questions that follow. Suppose that your employee Christopher has been having trouble with the paperwork he must do for his job. Your goal for the employee is to improve his performance; that is, decrease his rate of errors. You are considering two approaches: Option 1 is to spend time with Christopher every day helping him with his job and appreciating him every time he performs well. This is an appealing option to Christopher because he appreciates the attention and sees it as a reward. Option 2 is to tell Christopher that he would not be entitled to any incentive until his performance improves. 

Option 1 in Scenario A is an example of
 
Which of the following statements is true of growth need strength?
 
What is the benefit of having people participate in the goal setting for their work?
 
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
 
_____ claim that QWL programs don’t necessarily inspire employees to work harder if the company does not tie rewards directly to individual performance.
 
Laurel loves his job. It offers him the opportunity to meet lots of people, to work outdoors, and to do things his own way. Laurel often jokes that he would be glad to do his job even if he is not given any pay. This sense of fulfillment is an example of
 
Who formulated the law of effect?
 
What type of goal should a manager not establish?
 
For goals to be motivating, they must be
 
________ theory proposes that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome.
 
________ is the process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization.
 
Quality of work life (QWL) programs address ________ categories.
 
Maria is known to favor some of her employees over others. For those she dislikes, she sets impossible performance goals so that they cannot possibly succeed, and their motivation suffers. This is an example of
 
According to Maslow, people are motivated to satisfy the ________ needs before they try to satisfy the ________ needs.
 

1.
According to Herzberg, characteristics of the workplace termed hygiene factors will not necessarily motivate workers.
 
 
2.
According to Herzberg, the key to true job satisfaction and motivation to perform lies in:
 
 
3.
According to Maslow, people are motivated to satisfy the higher needs before they try to satisfy the lower needs.
 
 
4.
According to McClelland's research, the need for achievement is:
 
 
5.
The act of administering an aversive consequence is referred to as:
 
 
6.
The act of applying a valued consequence to increase a behavior is referred to as:
 
 
7.
The act of changing a task to make it inherently more rewarding, motivating, and satisfying for the concerned people is referred to as:
 
 
8.
Alderfer's ERG theory primarily focuses on:
 
 
9.
Applying a consequence that decreases the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to it is referred to as extinction.
 
 
10.
A consequence a person receives for his or her performance is referred to as:
 
 
11.
The expectancy theory suggests that managers should make performance instrumental toward positive outcomes.
 
 
12.
The general goal of QWL programs is to satisfy the full range of employee needs.
 
 
13.
Goal-setting theory states that people have conscious goals that energize them and direct their thoughts and behaviors toward a particular end.
 
 
14.
Herzberg's theory describing hygiene and motivators as factors affecting people's work motivation and satisfaction is referred to as the:
 
 
15.
In contrast to reinforcement theory, expectancy theory:
 
 
16.
In the Hackman and Oldham model, __________ is the independence and discretion in making decisions. 
 
 
17.
In which order would expectancy theory place the following events?
 
 
18.
_____ is intended to alleviate boredom by giving people different things to do at different times.
 
 
19.
Manuel Gonzalez loves his job. It offers him the opportunity to meet lots of people, to work outdoors, and to do things his own way. Manuel often jokes that he would be glad to do his job even if he is not given any pay. This sense of fulfillment is an example of
 
 
21.
Organizational behavior modification primarily attempts to:
 
 
22.
The perceived likelihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome is referred to as:
 
 
23.
Positive consequences that motivate behavior are referred to as:
 
 
24.
Positive reinforcement refers to applying a(n) _____ consequence that increases the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to it.
 
 
25.
The practice of removing or withholding an undesirable consequence is referred to as:
 
 
26.
The process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization is known as:
 
 
27.
Providing work-related goals is an extremely effective way to stimulate motivation.
 
 
28.
The _____ states that behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated.
 
 
29.
Which of the following is an essential characteristic for a goal to be motivating?
 
 
30.
Which of the following statements is supported by equity theory?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1.
according to Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory, _____ is the level of followers' skills and technical knowledge relative to the task being performed.
 
 
2.
_____ are described as shared beliefs about how people should think and behave.
 
 
3.
balanced scorecards are designed to prevent management myopia and excessive focus on financial objectives.
 
 
4.
_____ behavior is sometimes referred to as concern for people, supportive leadership, or consideration.
 
 
5.
Carla met her manager to discuss an issue she was facing in the office. during the meeting, her manager's phone was constantly ringing. this made it difficult for Carla to explain her problem clearly. her manager, distracted by the phone ringing, could not grasp the significance of the problem and sent Carla back with half hearted promises to take appropriate action. in this scenario, the ringing telephone represents:
 
 
6.
the control process used while plans are being carried out, including direction, monitoring, and fine tuning activities as they are performed is known as the _____ control.
 
 
7.
the degree to which a communication channel conveys information is referred to as:
 
 
8.
Herzberg’s _________ theory describes hygiene and motivators as factors affecting people’s work motivation and satisfaction.
 
 
9.
if a highly cohesive group has high performance norms, that group will have the _____ performance.
 
 
10.
in the context of path goal theory, _____ is the extent to which individuals see events as being under their influence.
 
 
11.
in the hackman and Oldman model of job enrichment, growth need strength is best defined as:
 
 
12.
in the _____ stage of team development, hostilities and conflict arise, and people jockey for positions of power and status.
 
 
13.
in the _____ stage of team development, rules and roles are established that set long lasting precedents.
 
 
14.
the _____ is an itemized financial statement of the income and expenses of a company's operations.
 
 
15.
_____ is a style of dealing with conflict involving cooperation on behalf of the other party but not being assertive about ones own interests.
 
 
16.
_____ is a transmission of information wherein the receiver of a message provides feedback and the sender is receptive to the feedback.
 
 
17.
_____ is defined by a process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affect by another party.
 
 
18.
the _____ is the social network of informal communications.
 
 
19.
Jacob, the manager at Damon Corp., recently promoted two employees because their performance had greatly improved. this action is an example of:
 
 
20.
the last step in a typical control system is:
 
 
21.
a leadership perspective that focuses on individual leaders and attempts to determine the personal characteristics that great leaders share is known as the:
 
 
22.
the leadership perspective that proposes that universally important traits and behaviors do not exist and that effective leadership behavior varies from circumstance to circumstance is known as the:
 
 
23.
_____ leadership seeks information, opinions, and preferences, sometimes to the point of meeting with the group, leading discussions, and using consensus or majority vote to make the final choice.
 
 
24.
a leader with _____ power has the right, or the authority, to tell others what to do.
 
 
26.
a person who gets others to transcend their personal interests for the good of the group is referred to as a:
 
 
27.
the practice of using a fair process in decision making and making sure others know that the process was as fair as possible is referred to as:
 
 
28.
a psychological contract refers to a set of perceptions of what employees think their employees owe them but not what an employee owes to the employer.
 
 
29.
_____ refers to communication that travels from lower to higher ranks in a hierarchy of an organization.
 
 
30.
_____ refers to how attractive the team is to its members, how motivated members are to remain in the team, and the degree to which team members influence one another.
 
 
31.
a report that shows the financial picture of a company at a given time and itemizes assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity is referred to as a(n):
 
 
32.
the role of a management team is to:
 
 
33.
six sigma companies have a high level of product or service defects.
 
 
34.
a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, set of performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable is referred to as a:
 
 
35.
some means of control are necessary because once managers form plans and strategies:
 
 
36.
supervisory leadership is behavior that provides:
 
 
37.
the theory proposing that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome is known as:
 
 
38.
typically, conflict can foster creativity within teams when it is about ideas rather than personalities.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

39.
the use or rules, regulations, and authority to guide performance is referred to as _____ control.
 
 
40.
what is the benefit of having people participate in the goal setting for their work?
 
 
41.
which of the following is a definition of control?
 
 
42.
which of the following is best describes as a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of an organization?
 
 
43.
which of the following is NOT considered nonverbal communication?
 
 
44.
which of the following is the highest level need in Maslow's theory?
 
 
45.
which of the following is the least rich communication medium?
 
 
46.
which of the following is true of the richest media?
 
 
47.
which of the following statements is supported by equity theory?
 
 
48.
which of these is an advantage of written communication?
 
 
49.
which os these is a disadvantage of oral communication?
 
 
50.
which type of control is future oriented and aims to prevent problems before they arise?
 
 
 

1.
After downsizing, employees who keep their jobs struggle with heavier workloads and become risk-adverse, self-absorbed, and narrow-minded.  They are said to display a phenomena known as 
 
 
2.
A(n) _____ organization depends heavily on an informal structure of employee networks
 
 
3.
In a(n)_____, individual organizations share administrative authority, form social links, and accept joint ownership
 
 
4.
In a(n) _____ organization, managers encourage employees to work more as teammates than as subordinates who take orders from the boss.
 
 
5.
In the context of organizational integration, _____ allows interdependent units to modify and adapt their actions as long as they meet the deadlines and targets required for working with others
 
 
6.
In the context of the horizontal structure of a firm, research, legal, accounting, and human resources departments are examples of _____ departments.
 
 
7.
In the context of the horizontal structure of a firm, which of the following is true of line departments?
 
 
8.
In the context of the vertical structure of a firm, which of the following is true of delegation?
 
 
9.
In the organizational approach of _____, the emphasis is on quality, speed, and flexibility more than on cost, efficiency, and hierarchy.
 
 
10.
In which of the following conditions should the span of control be wide within an organization?
 
 
11.
Samuel is an entrepreneur who specializes in processing techniques for high-end photography enthusiasts. In his organization, there are few rules and formal procedures, and the staff tends to make their own decisions. Samuel's operation is best described as a
 
 
12.
A system that calls for subassemblies and components to be manufactured in very small lots and delivered to the next stage of the production process as they are needed is known as
 
 
13.
When organizations coordinate activities by establishing routines that remain in place over time, it can be said that work has been _____.
 
 
14.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a mechanistic organization?
 
 
15.
Which of the following is a difference between a mechanistic and an organic organization?
 
 
17.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the product approach to departmentalization?
 
 
18.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the traditional functional approach to departmentalization?
 
 
19.
Which of the following is one of the strategies that managers can use to cope with high uncertainty and heavy information demand's in today's environments? 
 
 
20.
Which of the following is true of a network organization?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1.
According to McClelland's research, the need for achievement is
 
 
2.
The act of applying a valued consequence to increase a behavior is referred to as:
 
 
3.
The act of giving people additional tasks at the same time to alleviate boredom is referred to as:
 
 
4.
Alderfer's ERG theory primarily focuses on:
 
 
5.
A(n) _____ is a collection of people who interact to undertake a task but do not necessarily perform as a unit or achieve significant performance improvements.
 
 
6.
_____, an organization development technique, include helping organizations conduct mergers and acquisitions, change their strategies, and develop alliances.
 
 
7.
The _____ approach redesigns tasks in a way that jointly optimizes the social and technical efficiency of work.
 
 
8.
Control based on the norms, values, shared goals, and trust among group members is referred to as:
 
 
9.
Control based on the use of pricing mechanisms and economic information is referred to as:
 
 
10.
_____ control includes items such as budgets, statistical reports, and performance appraisals to regulate behavior and results.
 
 
11.
The control process used while plans are being carried out, including directing, monitoring, and fine-tuning activities as they are performed is known as _____ control.
 
 
12.
The degree to which a communication channel conveys information is referred to as:
 
 
13.
A difference between Maslow's need hierarchy and Alderfer's ERG Theory is that:
 
 
14.
_____ firms typically have technology champions who articulate competitively aggressive, first-mover technological strategies.
 
 
15.
Horizontal stretch goals are
 
 
16.
In a _____ leadership approach, the team leader seeks input from group members for decisions, provides assignments and experiences to develop members' skills and abilities, coordinates group effort, and the like.
 
 
17.
In assessing market receptiveness, executives should determine that the new technology:
 
 
18.
In contrast to reinforcement theory, expectancy theory:
 
 
19.
_____ indicate(s) a company's ability to pay short-term debts.
 
 
20.
Instances of withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence is referred to as:
 
 
21.
In _____ teams, members often come from different units or jobs and are asked to do work that is not normally done by the standard structure.
 
 
22.
_____ interventions, an organization development technique, include conflict resolution, team building, communication, and leadership.
 
 
23.
In the context of Herzberg's two-factor theory, characteristics of the workplace, such as company policies, working conditions, pay, and supervision, that can make people dissatisfied are referred to as:
 
 
24.
In the context of Maslow's need hierarchy, the need found at the bottom of the pyramid is the _____ need.
 
 
25.
In the context of roles of a superior team leader, persuading refers to:
 
 
26.
In the context of roles of a superior team leader, relating refers to:
 
 
27.
In the context of team relationships, _____ relationships are created when teams with problems call on centralized sources of expert knowledge.
 
 
28.
In the context of team relationships, _____ relationships develop when people not directly in the chain of command evaluate the methods and performances of other teams.
 
 
29.
In the context of team relationships, _____ relationships involve intermediaries between teams
 
 
30.
_____ is a systemwide application of behavioral science knowledge to develop, improve, and reinforce the strategies, structures, and processes that lead to organization effectiveness.
 
 
31.
_____ is defined as a process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party.
 
 
32.
An itemized financial document of the income and the expenses of a company's operations is known as the:
 
 
33.
Market controls involve the use of:
 
 
34.
McClelland has termed power that is used as a negative force as:
 
 
35.
____ means responding to pressure after a problem has arisen.
 
 
36.
Motivation refers to forces that:
 
 
37.
Negative reinforcement refers to applying a(n) _____ consequence.
 
 
38.
n which order would expectancy theory place the following events?
 
 
39.
Organizational behavior modification primarily attempts to:
 
 
40.
The performance-to-outcome link in expectancy theory is called
 
 
41.
Positive reinforcement refers to applying a(n) _____ consequence that increases the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to it.
 
 
42.
The practice of removing or withholding an undesirable consequence is referred to as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

43.
The practice of using a fair process in decision making and making sure others know that the process was as fair as possible is referred to as:
 
 
44.
The process of receiving and interpreting information is known as:
 
 
45.
The process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization is known as:
 
 
46.
_____ refers improving the organization's ability to respond to customers, stockholders, governments, employees, and other stakeholders, which results in better-quality products, higher financial returns, and high quality of work life.
 
 
47.
_____ refers to a team strategy that entails simultaneously emphasizing internal team building and achieving external visibility.
 
 
48.
_____ refers to the situation when managers focus on short-term earnings and profits at the expense of their longer-term strategic obligations.
 
 
49.
The rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person are known as:
 
 
50.
A small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, set of performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable is referred to as a(n):
 
 
51.
The _____ states that control is enhanced by concentrating on the exceptions to, or significant deviations from, the expected result or standard.
 
 
52.
Strengthening the new behaviors that support the change is known as:
 
 
53.
____ teams have specific assignments, such as research, and members usually must contribute expert knowledge and judgment.
 
 
54.
_____ teams operate separately from the regular work structure of the firm on a temporary basis.
 
 
55.
_______ technologies have yet to prove their full value but have the potential to alter the rules of competition by providing significant advantage.
 
 
56.
To be effective, control systems must:
 
 
57.
Under which of the following conditions can social loafing be avoided?
 
 
58.
The use of rules, regulations, and authority to guide performance is referred to as _____ control.
 
 
59.
Which of the following best describes constitutionalism?
 
 
60.
Which of the following budgets is used for areas of the organization that incur expenses but no revenue?
 
 
61.
Which of the following holds true for a traditional work environment?
 
 
62.
Which of the following holds true for the use of electronic media at work?
 
 
63.
Which of the following is a definition of control?
 
 
64.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of oral communication?
 
 
65.
Which of the following is a responsibility of the chief information officer?
 
 
66.
Which of the following is the first consideration in developing a strategy around technological innovation?
 
 
67.
Which of the following is the first step in a typical control system?
 
 
68.
Which of the following is the second stage of budgetary control?
 
 
69.
Which of the following is true of communication?
 
 
70.
Which of the following is true of development projects?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

71.
Which of the following is true of team success?
 
 
72.
Who formulated the law of effect?
 
 
 

1.
According to Kouzes and Posner, which of the following actions is taken by the best leaders?
 
 
2.
According to the behavioral approach to studying leadership, the _____ behavior includes a focus on work speed, quality and accuracy, quantity of output, and following the rules.
 
 
3.
According to the _____, maintenance behaviors such as trust, open communication, mutual respect, mutual obligation, and mutual loyalty form the cornerstone of relationships that are satisfying and perhaps more productive.
 
 
4.
According to the trait approach to leadership, a(n) _____ leader overcomes obstacles, makes decisions despite uncertainty, and instills assurance in others.
 
 
5.
According to the trait approach to studying leadership, _____ is consistently related to leadership emergence and leadership effectiveness.
 
 
6.
Among the different working relationships of teams, _____ are created when teams with problems call on centralized sources of expert knowledge.
 
 
7.
Among the roles that superior team leaders perform, _____ involves seeking information from managers, peers, and specialists, and investigating problems systematically.
 
 
8.
Assessments of equity are
 
 
9.
_____ behavior is sometimes referred to as concern for people, supportive leadership, or consideration.
 
 
10.
_____ coordinate and provide directions to the subunits under their jurisdiction and integrate work among subunits.
 
 
11.
Effective leaders rely on _____ style(s) of leadership.
 
 
12.
An expectancy can be high as well as low.
 
 
13.
Forces that energize, direct and sustain a person's efforts or strength of the drive towards and action is known as:
 
 
14.
For goals to be motivating, they must be
 
 
15.
For motivation to be high,
 
 
16.
For motivation to be high, total valence of all outcomes must be
 
 
17.
The general goal of quality of work life (QWL) programs is to
 
 
18.
_____ have control over whom to hire, whom to fire, and what tasks the team will perform.
 
 
19.
In a new team work environment
 
 
20.
Individualized performance goals can create _____ and reduce _____.
 
 
21.
In _____, members often come from different units or jobs and are asked to do work that is not normally done by the standard structure.
 
 
22.
In the context of roles of a superior team leader, relating refers to
 
 
23.
_____ is a normal part of life in organizations.
 
 
24.
______ is a situational approach to leadership that emphasizes how leaders go about making decisions.
 
 
25.
_____ is a style of dealing with conflict involving cooperation on behalf of the other party but not being assertive about one's own interests.
 
 
26.
_____ is defined as a process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party.
 
 
27.
______ is the link between expectancy and performance in expectancy theory.
 
 
28.
Laurel loves his job. It offers him the opportunity to meet lots of people, to work outdoors, and to do things his own way. Laurel often jokes that he would be glad to do his job even if he is not given any pay. This sense of fulfillment is an example of
 
 
29.
A leader who has _____ power influences others because he or she controls valued benefits; people comply with the leader's wishes to receive those benefits.
 
 
30.
A leader with _____ power has personal characteristics that appeal to others.
 
 
31.
Oliver, an employee at a company, is extremely eager to take up higher positions in the organization. He is an extrovert and tries to influence the decisions made by his boss. He prefers to lead his colleagues rather than follow them. According to the trait approach to leadership, which of the following traits does Oliver display?
 
 
32.
An organization has decided to restructure its traditional work environment by adopting team-based approaches to work. How would this affect the organization?
 
 
33.
Organizations that understand the need for _____ will have a competitive advantage in the modern business environment.
 
 
34.
Parallel teams operate within the regular work structure of a firm on a permanent basis.
 
 
35.
A ______ refers to a set of perceptions of what employees think their employers owe them and vice versa.
 
 
36.
Removing or withholding an undesirable consequence is:
 
 
37.
Roger is the marketing manager in a small firm. In addition to his marketing-related duties, he is also in charge of recruitment. This is an example of
 
 
38.
Supervisory leadership is behavior that provides
 
 
39.
Teams can accomplish all of the following except
 
 
40.
Teams can satisfy important personal needs for their members, such as affiliation and esteem.
 
 
41.
True leadership involves dealing with the ongoing, day-to-day complexities of organizations.
 
 
42.
What is lacking when the focus becomes how to survive day to day?
 
 
43.
What is the benefit of having people participate in the goal setting for their work?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

44.
What type of goals can shift people away from mediocrity?
 
 
45.
When cutting costs or dealing with other scarce resources, it may be necessary to
 
 
46.
When positive reinforcement is employed,
 
 
47.
Which of the following best describes instrumentality?
 
 
48.
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
 
 
49.
Which of the following is true of a traditional work environment?
 
 
50.
Which type of leader gets people to transcend their personal interests for the sake of the larger community?
 
 
 

1.
According to the guidelines of goal-setting theory, which of the following goals is most likely to stimulate performance?
 
 
2.
The act of changing a task to make it inherently more rewarding, motivating, and satisfying for the concerned people is referred to as
 
 
3.
An agreement between a start-up and an established company that agree to combine capital and technical expertise; what is this method of acquiring new technology?
 
 
4.
The anti-lock braking system is a desired feature that can provide automobiles a significant competitive edge. However, it is not used uniformly by every automobile company. Thus this technology is best grouped under:
 
 
5.
Arnold was discussing with other managers on how they can improve the competition and team spirit within the organiztaion by arranging a soccer match between different departments. Which of the following forms of organizational communication does this scenario exemplify?
 
 
6.
A company is said to lack control when there is a ____ i.e. the firm's expectations are not established
 
 
7.
Daniel, the manager at Kingsley Corp., takes an employee off probation because of improved performance. This is an example of: 
 
 
8.
E-mail is most appropriate for
 
 
9.
External audits are useful for preliminary control because they
 
 
10.
Flexible manufacturing practices such as just-in-time, mass customization, and simulataneous engineering are examples of
 
 
11.
For motivation to be high, ___
 
 
12.
Ian refrains from telling his manager Miranda about some information, and this means he is engaged in:
 
 
13.
Identify a feature of the new team environment
 
 
14.
_____ indicates the company's ability to meet its long-term financial obligations
 
 
15.
In Maslow's need hierarchy, which of the following levels of need includes the need for recognition and respect from others?
 
 
16.
In the context of Maslow's need hierarchy, the need found at the bottom of the pyramid is the___ need
 
 
17.
In the context of teams, ____ have no managerial responsibilities
 
 
18.
In the context of working relationships between teams, ____ exist when top management centralizes an activity to which a large number of other units must gain access
 
 
19.
In the ____ stage of team development, group members agree on their shared goals and standards, leading to the development of close relationships
 
 
20.
In which order would the expectancy theory place the following events?
 
 
21.
_____ is best described as anticipating and preparing for an uncertain future
 
 
22.
The last step in a typical control system is
 
 
23.
Maria is known to favor some of her employees over others. For those she dislikes, she sets impossible performance goals so that they cannot possibly succeed, and their motivation suffers. This is an example of
 
 
24.
___ means that jobs are restructured or redesigned by adding higher levels of responsibility
 
 
25.
"Motivation" refers to forces that:
 
 
26.
___ occurs when a tightly knit team is so cooperative that agreeing with one another's opinions and refraining from criticizing others' ideas become norms
 
 
27.
A person who promotes a product's development within a company by trying to convince their supervisors and higher authorities to provide the resources needed to build and install the new technologies would be:
 
 
28.
The practice of using the same procedures to promote and discipline all employees the same in decision making and making sure others know that the process was implemented correctly is referred to as
 
 
29.
____ refers to a team strategy that requires team members to interact frequently with outsiders, diagnose their needs, and experiment with solutions
 
 
30.
____ refers to the flow of information from higher to lower levels in an organization's hierarchy
 
 
31.
Richard, a manager, has just received some bad news from his foreign counterpart about an ongoing negotiation. He is disturbed and thinking of ways to control the damage. At the same time, a subordinate walks into his office and asks for an extended leave due to a family emergency. Richard refuses to grant the leave despite it being an emergency situation. In this situation, Richard's disturbed mood is representative of ___ in the communication process between himself and his subordinate
 
 
32.
Roger is the marketing manager in a small firm. In addition to his marketing-related duties, he is also in charge of recruitment. This is an example of:
 
 
33.
Sense of fulfillment in a job, such as the feeling of being glad to do a job even if there was no pay
 
 
34.
____ show the relative amount of funds in the business supplied by creditors and shareholders
 
 
35.
The six sigma approach is based on a ____ that contributes to customer satisfaction
 
 
36.
A small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, set of performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable is referred to as a:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

37.
Stretch goals are best defined as
 
 
38.
To be effective, control systems must
 
 
39.
Trying to sell washing machines with dryers in a tropical country, but nobody wants to buy the machines since people usually hung their washed clothes out in the sun to dry. The lack of ____ was responsible for the failure of the product
 
 
40.
What is a disadvantage of oral communication that can lead to a difficult situation?
 
 
41.
What is a good reason that a CEO could send an e-mail to employees describing some new changes and its benefits to a company?
 
 
42.
What is true of development projects?
 
 
43.
When a company shares its financial goals, income statements, etc. with all its employees; the company engages in the practice of
 
 
44.
When a team is appointed by a manager, the manager can expect the ___ phase of team development after the "forming" phase
 
 
45.
Which of the following best describes instrumentality?
 
 
46.
Which of the following differentiates a group from a team?
 
 
47.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a new team environment?
 
 
48.
Which of the following is an essential characteristic for a goal to be motivating?
 
 
49.
Which of the following is true of work teams?
 
 
50.
Which of the following practices will lead to sustained, superior performance in organizations?
 
 
51.
_____ work toward a one-time product, disbanding once their work is completed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 A(n) _____ refers to a situation wherein workers go on strike to compel employers to agree to their terms.

 

A difference between entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs is

 

The difference between the transaction fee and intermediary models of e-commerce is that the transaction fee model charges a fee

 

The final stage in the human resources planning process involves

 

Gerard realizes that the availability of appliances with embedded computer chips is low in the market. Hence, he uses this lucrative opportunity and sets up a store that sells appliances with embedded computer chips exclusively. Which of the following is Gerard engaging in?

 

In a performance test, the test taker

 

In the _____ approach to corporate innovation, risk takers are not punished for taking risks and failing—their former jobs are held for them.

 

In the context of entrepreneurship, a(n) _____ focuses on an entire venture and describes all the elements involved in starting it.

 

In the context of human resources management, the planning stage involves

 

In the context of human resources management, the programming stage involves

 

In the context of incentive systems, _____ reward employees for increasing productivity or saving money in areas under their direct control.

 

In the context of key planning elements, which of the following is true of what venture capital firms consider important for an entrepreneurial venture?

 

In the context of selection methods, which of the following is true of personality tests?

 

In the organizational approach of _____, the emphasis is on quality, speed, and flexibility more than on cost, efficiency, and hierarchy.

 

 _____ involves creating new systems, resources, or processes to produce new goods or services and/or serve new markets.

 

_____ is a competitive advantage in the form of relationships with other people and the image other people have of an entrepreneur.

 

______ is an entrepreneurial alliance between an innovator who has created at least one successful store and wants to grow and a partner who manages a new store of the same type in a new location.

 

_________ is the tendency of an organization to identify and capitalize successfully on opportunities to launch new ventures by entering new or established markets with new or existing goods or services.

 

Legitimacy in the minds of the public increases the probability of success of a new business by

 

The sale to the public, for the first time, of federally registered and underwritten shares of stock in a company is called a(n)

 

Samuel is an entrepreneur who specializes in processing techniques for high-end photography enthusiasts. In his organization, there are few rules and formal procedures, and the staff tends to make their own decisions. Samuel's operation is best described as a

 

To meet the medical needs of a growing population of aged people, there has been an increase in entrepreneurial ventures specific for different medical problems of the aged. Which of the following types of opportunity does this exemplify?

 

What is the role of business incubators?

 

What is the role of the economic environment in the success of entrepreneurial ventures?

 

When delegating work responsibilities to a subordinate, a manager should delegate any

 

 Which of the following entrepreneurial ventures is an example of low innovation and high risk?

 

Which of the following individuals is most likely to become a successful entrepreneur?

 

Which of the following is a function of a job analysis?

 

Which of the following is an activity that is conducted during the human resources environmental scanning process?

 

Which of the following is an activity that is conducted during the human resources planning process?

 

Which of the following is the difference between inventors and entrepreneurs?

 

Which of the following is true of a termination interview?

 

Which of the following is true of common management challenges faced by entrepreneurs?

 

Which of the following is true of the Landrum-Griffin Act (1959)?

 

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act?

 

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974?

 

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the National Labor Relations Act passed in 1935?

 

Which of the following is true of the provisions of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970?

 

Which of the following qualities makes it most likely for an entrepreneur to succeed?

 

Which of the following should be done when conducting a termination interview?

 

The ISO 9001 standards apply to

 

The more highly differentiated a firm is,

 

A(n) ________ is a person who assembles and coordinates participants in a network.

 

_____ is the process in which different individuals and units perform different tasks.

 

The ________, led by the chairperson, makes major decisions affecting the organization, subject to corporate charter and bylaw provisions.

 

The ISO 9001 standards apply to management systems at any organization and address ________ principles.

 

In ______, new or additional responsibilities to a subordinate are assigned.

 

For the ____ approach to result in more effective operations, product development should be concurrent, and should be done by cross-functional teams.

 

__________ strives to achieve the highest possible productivity and total quality, cost-effectively, by eliminating unnecessary steps in the production process and continually striving for improvement.

 

1.
According to Herzberg, the key to true job satisfaction and motivation to perform lies in:
 
 
2.
According to Maslow's need hierarchy:
 
 
3.
According to McClelland's research, the need for achievement is:
 
 
4.
According to the guidelines of goal-setting theory, which of the following goals is most likely to stimulate performance?
 
 
5.
The act of administering an aversive consequence is referred to as:
 
 
6.
The act of applying a valued consequence to increase a behavior is referred to as:
 
 
7.
The act of giving people additional tasks at the same time to alleviate boredom is referred to as:
 
 
8.
Alderfer's ERG theory primarily focuses on:
 
 
9.
Bella is known to favor some of her employees over others. For those she dislikes, she sets impossible performance goals so that they cannot possibly succeed, and their motivation suffers. This is an example of:
 
 
10.
Carter, the manager at Neptune 103, takes an employee off probation because of improved performance. This is an example of:
 
 
11.
A consequence a person receives for his or her performance is referred to as:
 
 
12.
A difference between Maslow's need hierarchy and Alderfer's ERG Theory is that:
 
 
13.
For goals to be motivating, they must be:
 
 
14.
For motivation to be high:
 
 
15.
The general goal of QWL programs is to:
 
 
16.
Growth need strength is best defined as:
 
 
17.
Herzberg's theory describing hygiene and motivators as factors affecting people's work motivation and satisfaction is referred to as the:
 
 
18.
Horizontal stretch goals are:
 
 
19.
In contrast to reinforcement theory, expectancy theory:
 
 
20.
Instances of withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence is referred to as:
 
 
21.
Instrumentality is best defined as:
 
 
22.
In the context of Hackman and Oldham model, independence and discretion in making decisions is referred to as:
 
 
23.
In the context of Herzberg's two-factor theory, characteristics of the workplace, such as company policies, working conditions, pay, and supervision, that can make people dissatisfied are referred to as:
 
 
24.
In the context of Maslow's need hierarchy, the need found at the bottom of the pyramid is the _____ need.
 
 
25.
In which order would expectancy theory place the following events?
 
 
26.
is changing from one routine task to another to alleviate boredom.
 
 
27.
Keith is the marketing manager in a small firm. In addition to his marketing related duties, he is also in charge of recruitment. This is an example of
 
 
28.
Maslow's Pyramid
 
 
29.
McClelland has termed power that is used as a negative force as:
 
 
30.
_____ means that jobs are restructured or redesigned by adding higher levels of responsibility.
 
 
31.
The most important needs for managers, according to McClelland, are the needs for:
 
 
32.
Motivation refers to forces that:
 
 
33.
A _____ need refers to a need for friendship, affection, belonging, and love.
 
 
34.
Negative reinforcement refers to applying a(n) _____ consequence.
 
 
35.
On receiving feedback, one should ideally:
 
 
36.
Organizational behavior modification primarily attempts to:
 
 
37.
The performance-to-outcome link in expectancy theory is called:
 
 
38.
Positive consequences that motivate behavior are referred to as:
 
 
39.
Positive reinforcement refers to applying a(n) _____ consequence that increases the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to it.
 
 
40.
The practice of removing or withholding an undesirable consequence is referred to as:
 
 
41.
The practice of using a fair process in decision making and making sure others know that the process was as fair as possible is referred to as:
 
 
42.
The process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization is known as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

43.
QWL programs
 
 
44.
Ralph, the manager at Yellow Artistry, recently promoted two employees as their performance had greatly improved. This action is an example of:
 
 
45.
The rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person are known as:
 
 
46.
The _____ states that behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated.
 
 
47.
Stretch goals are best defined as
 
 
48.
The theory proposing that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome is known as:
 
 
49.
Valence is best defined as:
 
 
50.
Vertical stretch goals are 
 
 
51.
When positive reinforcement is employed:
 
 
52.
Which of the following best describes constitutionalism?
 
 
53.
Which of the following is an essential characteristic for a goal to be motivating?
 
 
54.
Which of the following levels of need includes the need for recognition and respect from others?
 
 
55.
Which of the following statements is supported by equity theory?
 
 
56.
Which of the following statements regarding Maslow's need hierarchy is true?
 
 
57.
Who formulated the law of effect?
 
 
 

1.
According to Kouzes and Posner, which of the following actions is taken by the best leaders?
 
 
2.
According to the trait approach to leadership, a(n) _____ leader overcomes obstacles, makes decisions despite uncertainty, and instills assurance in others.
 
 
3.
According to the trait approach to leadership, which of the following is a characteristic of effective leaders?
 
 
4.
Actions taken to ensure that a work group or organization reaches its goals are known as:
 
 
5.
Identify a characteristic feature of matrix organizations.
 
 
6.
Identify a true statement about delegation.
 
 
7.
In a(n) _____ organization, top managers make all the decisions and pass them down to lower levels for implementation.
 
 
8.
In the context of a firm's vertical structure, a powerful trend for U.S. businesses over the past few decades has been to:
 
 
9.
In the context of a research program that was conducted at the University of Michigan on the impact of leaders' behavior on job performance, demonstrating trust and confidence, being friendly and considerate, showing appreciation, and keeping people informed is known as _____ behavior.
 
 
10.
In the context of a research program that was conducted at the University of Michigan, planning, scheduling, coordinating, providing resources, and setting performance goals is known as _____ behavior.
 
 
11.
In the context of delegation, a problem faced by a subordinate in carrying out a delegated task is:
 
 
12.
In the context of Fiedler's contingency model, _____ leadership is more likely exhibited by leaders with low least preferred coworker (LPC) scores.
 
 
13.
In the context of Fiedler's contingency model, _____ leadership is more likely from high least preferred coworker (LPC) leaders.
 
 
14.
In the context of Fiedler's contingency model of leadership effectiveness, leadership styles were measured with an instrument assessing the leader's _____.
 
 
15.
In a horizontal structure, _____ deal directly with the organization’s primary goods or services; they make things, sell things, or provide customer service. 
 
 
16.
In the context of integration, which of the following is true of the findings of Lawrence and Lorsch?
 
 
17.
In the context of leadership, which of the following is true of vision?
 
 
18.
In the context of leadership, which of the following statements regarding vision is accurate?
 
 
19.
In the context of organizational integration, _____ refers to a situation when interdependent units are required to meet deadlines and objectives that contribute to a common goal.
 
 
20.
In the context of the fundamentals of organizing, coordination refers to:
 
 
21.
In the context of the fundamentals of organizing, which of the following depicts the positions in a firm and the way they are arranged?
 
 
22.
In the context of the trait approach to leadership, _____ refers to a set of characteristics that reflect a high level of effort, including high need for achievement, constant striving for improvement, ambition, energy, tenacity, and initiative.
 
 
23.
In the context of the vertical structure of a firm, a wide span of control builds a _____ organization with few reporting levels.
 
 
24.
In the presence of which of the following conditions should the span of control be wide?
 
 
25.
_____ leadership gives purpose and meaning to organizations by anticipating and envisioning a viable future for the organization and working with others to initiate changes that create such a future.
 
 
26.
A leadership perspective that focuses on individual leaders and attempts to determine the personal characteristics that great leaders share is known as the:
 
 
27.
_____ leadership refers to a style in which the leader is true to himself or herself while leading.
 
 
28.
_____ leadership seeks information, opinions, and preferences, sometimes to the point of meeting with the group, leading discussions, and using consensus or majority vote to make the final choice.
 
 
29.
A leader with _____ power has personal characteristics that appeal to others.
 
 
30.
A leader with _____ power has the right, or the authority, to tell others what to do.
 
 
31.
Which of the following approaches to departmentalization requires proper management of all the issues surrounding decentralization and delegation for it to be effective?
 
 
32.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of a matrix organization?
 
 
33.
Which of the following is an advantage of delegation?
 
 
34.
Which of the following is an advantage of functional departmentalization?
 
 
35.
Which of the following is true of effective delegation?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

36.
Which of the following questions can be used to identify one's boss's level of group maintenance leadership?
 
 
37.
Which of the following questions can be used to identify one's boss's level of task performance leadership?
 
 
38.
Which of the following statements about delegation of responsibility and authority is true?
 
 
39.
Which of the following statements about matrix organization is true?
 
 
40.
Which of the following statements is true regarding various decision styles?
 
 
 

 

Frederick's work performance has greatly improved over the course of the past two months, so his boss decided to upgrade his status from that of a temporary employee to that of a permanent employee. This is an example of 
 

Which of the following is required for motivation to be high?

 

In the context of Alderfer's ERG theory, which of the following statements is true of existence needs?

 

Which of the following is an essential characteristic for a goal to be motivating?

 

Empowerment is best defined as the:

 

Which of the following statements is true of expectancies?

 

Which of the following is an example of punishment?

 

One of the needs postulated by McClelland is the need for _____, which is a strong desire to be liked by other people.

 

The two consequences of behavior that reduce the motivation to repeat the behaviors that lead to undesired results are punishment and

 

_____ primarily highlights the distinction between intrinsic rewards and extrinsic rewards that affect people working on their jobs.

 

_____ refers to a set of perceptions of what employees owe their employers, and what their employers owe them.

 

Motivation for employees can come from an interesting project, a completed sale, or the discovery of a perfect solution, all of which are examples of

 

Which of the following statements accurately represents equity theory?

 

On receiving feedback, one should ideally

 

_______ refers to forces that energize, direct, and sustain a person's efforts.

 

Which of the following statements is true of growth need strength?

 

Constructive ways to handle mistakes include:

 

According to the guidelines of goal-setting theory, which of the following goals is most likely to stimulate performance?

 

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs would one seek to satisfy first?

 

In the context of Herzberg's two-factor theory, motivators

 

 

1.
According to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), a disability is strictly defined as
 
 
2.
An advantage of internal development as a means of acquiring new technology is that
 
 
3.
An advantage of written communication is that it
 
 
4.
A(n) _______ is an itemized financial document of the income and the expenses of a company's operations.
 
 
5.
A(n) _______ is a report that shows the financial picture of a company at a given time and itemizes assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity.
 
 
6.
_____ compares an organization's practices and technologies with those of other companies.
 
 
7.
Control and _____ have been called the Siamese twins of management.
 
 
8.
_____________ control is future oriented and aims to prevent problems before they arise.
 
 
9.
_____ detect and correct significant variations, or discrepancies, in the results of plans and activities.
 
 
10.
A disadvantage of oral communication is that
 
 
11.
A diverse workforce is _____ to succumb to groupthink.
 
 
12.
Even when managers do not themselves engage in _____, if they fail to prevent it or to take appropriate action after receiving legitimate complaints about it, they may still be held liable, along with their companies, if a lawsuit is filed.
 
 
13.
Executives in _____ firms give priority to developing and exploiting technological expertise, and decision makers have bold, intuitive visions of the future.
 
 
14.
Flexible manufacturing practices such as mass customization, just-in-time, and concurrent engineering are examples of
 
 
15.
Helena has developed and patented a new process for recycling plastic. A number of companies have expressed an interest in buying her company in order to gain access to the technology. If she sells her company, the buyer will be obtaining the new technology through
 
 
16.
Henry, a manager at Roberts Corp., recently illustrated ___________ by promoting two employees because their performance had greatly improved.
 
 
17.
in a(n) _____ leadership approach, the team leader seeks input from group members for decisions, provides assignments and experiences to develop members' skills and abilities, and coordinates group effort.
 
 
18.
In assessing market receptiveness, executives should typically determine whether the new technology
 
 
19.
In a traditional work environment,
 
 
20.
In leadership, vision
 
 
21.
in Maslow's need hierarchy, ______________ includes the need for recognition and self-esteem.
 
 
22.
In the context of Maslow's need hierarchy, the need found at the bottom of the pyramid is the _____ need.
 
 
23.
In today's service and technology economy, more positions require
 
 
24.
The ________ is an invisible barrier that makes it difficult for certain groups, such as minorities and women, to move beyond a certain level in the organizational hierarchy.
 
 
25.
_______ is the entire process of understanding and appreciating employee differences to build a more effective and profitable company.
 
 
26.
_____ is the tendency of managers to miss the significance of disruptive changes because they are focused on investing in and making incremental improvements to their core profitable businesses.
 
 
27.
Kobe, the manager at NetTrue Corp., took an employee off probation because of improved performance, illustrating
 
 
28.
_____ lay(s) out a framework for the future and provide(s) a blueprint for control.
 
 
29.
_____ leadership gives purpose and meaning to organizations by anticipating and envisioning a viable future for the organization and working with others to initiate changes that create such a future.
 
 
30.
Marc was one of Stephanie's lower-quartile performers, mainly due to punctuality. In Marc's annual performance review, he submitted his draft goals for the upcoming years. One of his goals was to "Improve my punctuality." Stephanie responded, "No, Marc. That goal is not acceptable. Your goal needs to be more ________________ so that you and I can monitor and measure whether or not you are attaining your goal.
 
 
31.
Motivation refers to forces that
 
 
32.
Organizations that operate closer to the cutting edge of a technology rely more on _________________ and less on benchmarking what is already being practiced elsewhere.
 
 
33.
_____ problems arise when the receiver doesn't listen carefully or reads too quickly and overlooks a key point.
 
 
34.
Samuel's boss makes no managerial decisions but asks his employees to take the necessary steps in all aspects of work. Samuel's boss follows a(n) ________________ decision-making style.
 
 
35.
_____ seeks new technologies by reading cutting-edge research journals and attending conferences and seminars.
 
 
36.
Select the relationship represented by the balance sheet.
 
 
37.
Stretch goals are the
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

38.
______ technology is commonplace in the industry and provides little competitive advantage.
 
 
39.
The term ______ is used to refer to all kinds of differences including religious affiliation, age, disability status, economic class, and lifestyle in addition to gender, race, ethnicity, and nationality.
 
 
40.
________ theory proposes that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome.
 
 
 

 

 
 
 
_____________________ is an advantage of managing a diverse workforce.
 
 
 
a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.
 
 
 
According to McClelland, the most important needs for managers are the needs for
 
 
 
To correct the past exclusion of women and minorities, companies introduced _____, which meant they would use special efforts to recruit and hire qualified members of groups that have been discriminated against in the past.
 
 
 
Companies with a reputation for providing opportunities for diverse employees are most likely to
 
 
 
_____ leadership refers to a style in which the leader is true to himself or herself while leading.
 
 
 
_____ is a form of leadership in which the leader makes decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group.
 
 
 
On receiving feedback, one should ideally
 
 
 
The ________________ approach is a traditional method to studying leadership.
 
 
 
______ is a leadership perspective that attempts to identify what good leaders do—that is, what behaviors they exhibit.
 
 
 
"Did you hear that Glenn is returning back to the States, to work in corporate headquarters as vice president of environmental services in the international division?" asked Tony. His co-worker, Jaime, replied, "Yes. Obviously those four years that Glenn has spent abroad, in our Paris and Tokyo offices, have served him well." Tony countered, "Well, he deserves the recognition and, frankly, our international division will benefit from Glenn's leadership. No doubt he has learned a great deal about living and doing business in other cultures." In leaving his culture and working in other cultures for a significant period of time, Glenn will bring _____________ leadership to his organization.
 
 
 
"Depending upon your political persuasion, Dot is either the second coming of Ronald Reagan, or the second coming of Barack Obama!" said Ricky. "She is such a __________ leader. She is dominant, self-confident, convinced of the moral righteousness of her beliefs, and able to rally her followers with excitement."
 
 
 
Academic research shows that _____ lead to higher growth in entrepreneurial firms.
 
 
 
Integrating diversity into a corporate mission statement, providing adequate funding toward diversity efforts, and establishing corporate positions responsible for the management of diversity programs are all efforts that demonstrate top management's
 
 
 
_____ is the disorientation and stress associated with being in a foreign environment.
 
 
 
The law of _____ states that behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated.
 
 
 
Expectancy theory includes the following events, in order:
 
 
 
In Maslow's need hierarchy, ______________ includes the need for recognition and self-esteem.
 
 
 
Anna, a new recruit at Yellow Systems Inc., was encouraged to join the Hispanic Help Group (HHP) to discuss the challenges and opportunities faced by Hispanics at work. The group helped individuals like Anna, who came from a diverse background, understand the norms, culture, and other employees within the organization. With the help of this group, Anna was able to adjust to the organization more quickly and effectively. Thus, Hispanic Help Group is an example of a(n)
 
 
 
________ is the process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization.
 
 
 
Motivation refers to forces that
 
 
 
_______ are parent-company nationals who are sent to work at a foreign subsidiary.
 
 
 
________ theory proposes that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome.
 
 
 
For motivation to be high,
 
 
 
A leader who has _____ power has certain knowledge; people comply because they believe in, can learn from, or can otherwise gain from that knowledge.
 
 
 
In leadership, vision
 
 
 
________ involves the instances of withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence.
 
 
 
_______ are the rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person.
 
 
 
has to be acceptable to employees.
 
 
 
_____________________ is an example of extinction.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
_______________ is the first step to be taken in the process of cultivating a diverse workforce.
 
 
 
The ________ is an invisible barrier that makes it difficult for certain groups, such as minorities and women, to move beyond a certain level in the organizational hierarchy.
 
 
 
Sylvia has recently been denied a promotion. This is the third time she was turned down for a promotion despite excellent performance reviews. Her manager assures her that she was qualified for the promotion but "that's just the way things go." After this latest disappointment, Sylvia did an in-depth research on the history of her company. She found that only two women candidates had been promoted to upper management positions in the company's entire history. _____________ is the factor that is most likely obstructing Sylvia's career growth.
 
 
 
_____ theory states that people have conscious goals that energize them and direct their thoughts and behaviors toward a particular end.
 
 
 
_____ behavior includes a focus on people's feelings and comfort, appreciation of them, and stress reduction.
 
 
 
Supervisory leadership is behavior that provides
 
 
 
Even when managers do not themselves engage in _____, if they fail to prevent it or to take appropriate action after receiving legitimate complaints about it, they may still be held liable, along with their companies, if a lawsuit is filed.
 
 
 
Work team diversity promotes creativity and innovation because people with different backgrounds
 
 
 
_____ occurs when unwelcome sexual conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with job performance.
 
 
 
In Herzberg's two-factor theory, ____________ are characteristics of the workplace, such as company policies, working conditions, pay, and supervision, that can make people dissatisfied.
 
 
 
Vic said, "I've never had a client leader like Kristin before. She has what is called referent power. As a result, the work that I do for Kristin is my very best because
 
 
 
Select the statement that is supported by equity theory.
 
 
 
______ is the link between performance and outcomes in expectancy theory.
 
 
 
Benny loves his job. It offers him the opportunity to meet lots of people, to work outdoors, and to do things his own way. Benny often jokes that he would be glad to do his job even if he is not given any pay. This sense of fulfillment is an example of
 
 
 
________________ is most likely to help employers in preventing an exodus of talent, and retaining skilled and knowledgeable older workers.
 
 
 
A multicultural organization is best defined as an organization
 
 
 
______ is the act of giving people additional tasks at the same time to alleviate boredom.
 
 
 
_____ is intended to alleviate boredom by giving people different things to do at different times.
 
 
 
In Fiedler's contingency model of leadership effectiveness, leadership styles were measured with an instrument assessing the leader's
 
 
 
A leader with _____ power has the right, or the authority, to tell others what to do.
 
 
 
A diverse workforce is _____ to succumb to groupthink.
 
 
 
_____ leadership is a combination of strong professional will (determination) and personal humility that builds enduring greatness.
 

 
 
 
_______ is the entire process of understanding and appreciating employee differences to build a more effective and profitable company.
 
 
 
recruiting individuals with different backgrounds.
 
 
 
______ are high-level managers who help people meet top management and learn the norms and values of the organization.
 
 
 
According to Herzberg, the key to true job satisfaction and motivation to perform lies in
 
 
 
_____________ organizations place the greatest value on cultural diversity and address the cultural aspects of integration.
 
 
 
________ is the practice of removing or withholding an undesirable consequence.
 
 
 
_______ is a consequence a person receives for his or her performance.
 
 
 
_____ form the largest unemployed minority population in the United States.
 
 
 
In the context of Maslow's need hierarchy, the need found at the bottom of the pyramid is the _____ need.
 
 
 
The difference between monolithic organizations and pluralistic organizations is that ________________
 
 
 
______ is the act of applying a consequence that increases the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to that result.
 
 
 
In organizations, _____ often means the ability to get things done or accomplish one's goals despite resistance from others.
 
 
 
______ is a set of perceptions of what employees owe their employers and what their employers owe employees.
 
 
 
Goals should be ________ to be motivating.
 
 
 
A leader with _____ power has personal characteristics that appeal to others.
 
 
 
A leader who has _____ power influences others because he or she controls valued benefits; people comply with the leader's wishes so as to receive those benefits.
 
 
 
When positive reinforcement is employed,
 
 
 
The general goal of quality of work life (QWL) programs is to
 
 
 
In the trait approach to leadership, __________ distinguishes effective leaders from other people.
 
 
 
________ serve others' needs while strengthening the organization.
 
 
 
A ________ approach is a leadership perspective that proposes universally important traits and behaviors do not exist and that effective leadership behavior varies.
 
 
 
According to the proponents of the _____ approach to leadership, universally important traits and behaviors do not exist.
 
 
 
In Maslow's need hierarchy, _____ need refers to a need for friendship, affection, belonging, and love.
 
 
 
Marc was one of Stephanie's lower-quartile performers, mainly due to punctuality. In Marc's annual performance review, he submitted his draft goals for the upcoming years. One of his goals was to "Improve my punctuality." Stephanie responded, "No, Marc. That goal is not acceptable. Your goal needs to be more ________________ so that you and I can monitor and measure whether or not you are attaining your goal."
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
Gail was recently denied a promotion at her job. She was told that management was looking for someone who was more aggressive to fill the position. Gail's coworkers were surprised by the management's decision because she had a reputation for "getting things done." Gail later overheard one of the managers saying that he did not believe she was committed to her career because "she is a typical woman." This instance exemplifies the problem of _____ associated with a diverse workforce.
 
 
 
_____ leadership gives purpose and meaning to organizations by anticipating and envisioning a viable future for the organization and working with others to initiate changes that create such a future.
 
 
 
_____________ goals can shift people away from mediocrity.
 
 
 
targets that are exceptionally demanding and novel.
 
 
 
_____ are individuals from a country other than the home country or the host country of an overseas subsidiary.
 
 
 
Select the question that can be used to identify a manager's level of task performance leadership.
 
 
 
A _____ leader has a special ability to generate excitement and revitalize organizations.
 
 
 
According to the trait approach to leadership, need for achievement predicts success for division heads in larger and more bureaucratic firms.
 
 
 
________________ is best described as a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of an organization.
 

 

1.
An advantage of delegation is that it
 
 
2.
As vice president of human resources at Lodge Corporation, Paul enjoys working alongside his peer vice presidents, largely because they all have different skills and all manage different parts of the organization, including research, engineering, production, construction, procurement, and finance. Lodge Corporation is a(n) _____________ organization.
 
 
3.
Connor complained to his fellow division manager, "Amber, our company is bogged down with cumbersome bureaucratic requirements. We must convince our executive leadership that we need to act fast to meet customer needs and to respond to other outside pressures! We need to correct past mistakes quickly and prepare for an uncertain future! We must respond to threats and capitalize on opportunities! We must place a premium on ______________!"
 
 
4.
Coordination by plan deals with establishing common routines and procedures that apply uniformly to everyone.
 
 
5.
In a centralized organization, ______________ make all the decisions and pass them down to lower levels for _______________.
 
 
6.
In a(n) _____ organization, important decisions usually are made at the top.
 
 
7.
In a _____ organization, jobs (and departments) are specialized and grouped as production, marketing, human resources, research and development, finance, accounting, and so forth based on the skills they require.
 
 
8.
______, in organizational integration, means establishing common routines and operating procedures that apply uniformly to everyone.
 
 
9.
In _____ organizations, more decisions are made at lower levels of management.
 
 
10.
In the context of a firm's vertical structure, a powerful trend for U.S. businesses over the past few decades has been to
 
 
11.
In the context of delegation, a problem faced by a subordinate in carrying out a delegated task is
 
 
12.
In the context of horizontal structure of a firm, _____ are those that have responsibility for the principal activities of the firm.
 
 
13.
In the context of the vertical structure of a firm, a wide span of control builds a _____ organization with few reporting levels.
 
 
14.
__________ is a structure authority directly related to the three broad levels of the organizational pyramid.
 
 
15.
________ is a system that calls for subassemblies and components to be manufactured in very small lots and delivered to the next stage of the production process as they are needed.
 
 
16.
_____ is a way of managing in which everyone is committed to continuous improvement of his or her part of the operation.
 
 
17.
A _____ is composed of temporary arrangements among members that can be assembled and reassembled to meet a changing competitive environment.
 
 
18.
_____ is the expectation that employees will perform a job, take corrective action when necessary, and report upward on the status and quality of their performance.
 
 
19.
_______ is the production of both high-volume and high-variety products at the same time.
 
 
20.
Matrix management
 
 
21.
The organization chart depicts the
 
 
22.
Patrick told his boss, "Unless we invest in new technology, such as computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM), we will not be able to deliver more high-variety and high-volume products. With CIM, we will have computer-aided ____ and computer-aided ____, so that the work of our engineers and factory workers will be more in sync."
 
 
23.
Pete, a human resource intern, was given an assignment by his manager that meant he must obtain information from other departments to complete it, but some departments refused to share information with an intern. Pete was frustrated because he did not have the power to get the information he needed. In the context of this situation, Pete's manager made the mistake of
 
 
24.
The span of control should be wide when
 
 
25.
__________ strives to achieve the highest possible productivity and total quality, cost-effectively, by eliminating unnecessary steps in the production process and continually striving for improvement.
 
 
26.
To be effective, the __________ approach to departmentalization requires proper management of all the issues surrounding decentralization and delegation.
 
 
28.
______ use(s) statistical tools to analyze the causes of product defects.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

29.
Will Haroldson, plant manager, directed his top production engineer, Jaime Mendez, to sign up for an upcoming statistical quality workshop. Will said, "I've long been a student of total quality management. I've decided to introduce a statistical approach called ________________ into our production process to analyze the causes of product defects, so that we can then eliminate those defects."
 
 
 

 

1.
According to _______, characteristics of the workplace termed hygiene factors will not necessarily motivate workers.
 
 
2.
According to Herzberg, the key to true job satisfaction and motivation to perform lies in
 
 
3.
According to Maslow, people are motivated to satisfy the _______ needs before they try to satisfy the _______ needs.
 
 
4.
According to Maslow's need hierarchy, which of the following statements is true?
 
 
5.
According to McClelland's research, which of the following statements is true of the need for achievement?
 
 
6.
According to McClelland, the most important needs for managers are the needs for
 
 
7.
According to the guidelines of goal-setting theory, which of the following goals is most likely to stimulate performance?
 
 
8.
Advocates of QWL claim that it improves
 
 
9.
Alderfer's ERG theory primarily focuses on
 
 
10.
All of the following characteristics may be seen if there is job dissatisfaction except
 
 
11.
_______ are positive consequences that motivate behavior.
 
 
12.
_______ are the rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person.
 
 
13.
Assessments of equity are
 
 
14.
At a helicopter plant in the United States, an army of consultants arrived one day, without explanation. The rumor mill kicked in; employees guessed the plant would be shut down or some of them would be laid off. Three months later, management unveiled its new plan, involving a new method of manufacturing based on teams. But management did not adequately answer questions about the purpose of the changes, employees resisted, conflicts arose, and the formerly popular plant manager lost the trust of his people. Costs skyrocketed, and quality plummeted. In this example, it would have been better if the manager had practiced
 
 
15.
Bradley's job responsibilities have recently been changed as part of a decentralization effort taking place at his office. He has been given the authority to decide when a file's status is to be altered, rather than only altering files at his supervisor's discretion. This is an example of
 
 
16.
_______ claim that QWL programs don't necessarily inspire employees to work harder if the company does not tie rewards directly to individual performance.
 
 
17.
_______ create a workplace that enhances employee well-being and satisfaction.
 
 
18.
Daniel, the manager at Kingsley Corp., takes an employee off probation because of improved performance. This is an example of
 
 
19.
Empowerment is the process of
 
 
20.
For goals to be motivating, they must be
 
 
21.
For motivation to be high,
 
 
22.
For motivation to be high, total valence of all outcomes must be
 
 
23.
Frederick's work performance has greatly improved over the course of the past two months, so his boss decided to upgrade his status from that of a temporary employee to that of a permanent employee. This is an example of
 
 
24.
The general goal of quality of work life (QWL) programs is to
 
 
25.
Goals should be
 
 
26.
Growth need strength is best defined as
 
 
27.
Herzberg's _______ theory describes hygiene and motivators as factors affecting people's work motivation and satisfaction.
 
 
28.
How do people access equity?
 
 
29.
In contrast to reinforcement theory, expectancy theory
 
 
30.
Individualized performance goals create _______ and reduce _______
 
 
31.
In Maslow's need hierarchy, _______ need refers to a need for friendship, affection, belonging, and love.
 
 
32.
In Maslow's need hierarchy, which of the following levels of need includes the need for recognition and respect from others?
 
 
33.
In the context of Alderfer's ERG theory, which of the following statements is true of existence needs?
 
 
34.
In the context of Herzberg's two-factor theory, _______ are characteristics of the workplace, such as company policies, working conditions, pay, and supervision, that can make people dissatisfied.
 
 
35.
In the context of Herzberg's two-factor theory, motivators
 
 
36.
In the context of Maslow's need hierarchy, the need found at the bottom of the pyramid is the _______ need.
 
 
37.
In the Hackman and Oldham model, _______ is the independence and discretion in making decisions.
 
 
38.
_______ involves the instances of withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

39.
In which order would the expectancy theory place the following events?
 
 
40.
In _______, workers are given additional tasks at a higher level of responsibility.
 
 
41.
_______ is a consequence a person receives for his or her performance.
 
 
42.
_______ is an act of administering an aversive consequence.
 
 
43.
_______ is a set of perceptions of what employees owe their employers and what their employers owe employees.
 
 
44.
_______ is intended to alleviate boredom by giving people different things to do at different times.
 
 
45.
_______ is the act of applying a consequence that increases the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to that result
 
 
46.
_______ is the act of changing a task to make it inherently more rewarding, motivating, and satisfying for the people concerned.
 
 
47.
_______ is the act of giving people additional tasks at the same time to alleviate boredom.
 
 
48.
_______ is the applying of a consequence that increases the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to it.
 
 
49.
_______ is the link between expectancy and performance in expectancy theory.
 
 
50.
_______ is the perceived likelihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome.
 
 
51.
_______ is the practice of removing or withholding an undesirable consequence.
 
 
52.
_______ is the practice of using a fair process in decision making and making sure others know that the process is as fair as possible.
 
 
53.
_______ is the process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization.
 
 
54.
Jacob, the manager at Damon Corp., recently promoted two employees as their performance had greatly improved. This action is an example of
 
 
55.
Laurel loves his job. It offers him the opportunity to meet lots of people, to work outdoors, and to do things his own way. Laurel often jokes that he would be glad to do his job even if he is not given any pay. This sense of fulfillment is an example of
 
 
56.
Low need for affiliation and moderate to high need for power are associated with
 
 
57.
Managers _______ reward employees for multitasking.
 
 
58.
Maria is known to favor some of her employees over others. For those she dislikes, she sets impossible performance goals so that they cannot possibly succeed, and their motivation suffers. This is an example of
 
 
59.
The Maslow's need hierarchy is different from Alderfer's ERG theory in that
 
 
60.
McClelland has termed power that is used as negative force as
 
 
61.
_______ means that jobs are restructured or redesigned by adding higher levels of responsibility.
 
 
62.
Motivation refers to forces that
 
 
63.
The need for achievement is important for leaders and managers in all of the following countries except
 
 
64.
On receiving feedback, one should ideally
 
 
65.
On receiving feedback, one should ideally
 
 
66.
Organizational behavior modification primarily attempts to
 
 
67.
Quality of work life (QWL) programs address _______ categories.
 
 
68.
A _______ refers to a set of perceptions of what employees think their employers owe them and vice versa.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

69.
Roger is the marketing manager in a small firm. In addition to his marketing-related duties, he is also in charge of recruitment. This is an example of
 
 
70.
The _______ states that behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated.
 
 
71.
_______ states that people have conscious goals that energize them and direct their thoughts and behaviors toward a particular end.
 
 
72.
Stretch goals are
 
 
73.
_______ suggests that managers should make performance instrumental toward positive outcomes.
 
 
74.
_______ theory proposes that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome.
 
 
75.
Vertical stretch goals are
 
 
76.
What is the benefit of having people participate in the goal setting for their work?
 
 
77.
What type of goals can shift people away from mediocrity?
 
 
78.
What type of goal should a manager not establish?
 
 
79.
When absenteeism increases and productivity decreases, the manager is dealing with
 
 
80.
When people perceive _______, they are more likely to support decisions and decision makers.
 
 
81.
When positive reinforcement is employed,
 
 
82.
Which of the following best describes constitutionalism?
 
 
83.
Which of the following best describes instrumentality?
 
 
84.
Which of the following is an essential characteristic for a goal to be more motivating?
 
 
85.
Which of the following is an essential characteristic for a goal to be motivating?
 
 
86.
Which of the following is an example of extinction?
 
 
87.
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
 
 
88.
Which of the following is an example of punishment?
 
 
89.
Which of the following is the highest level need in Maslow's hierarchy?
 
 
90.
Which of the following statements is supported by equity theory?
 
 
91.
Which of the following statements is true of growth need strength?
 
 
92.
Which of the following statements is true of horizontal stretch goals?
 
 
93.
Which of the following statements is true of valence?
 
 
94.
Which of the following statements regarding Maslow's need hierarchy is true?
 
 
95.
Which reinforcement type involves applying a consequence to increase the likelihood that the person will repeat the behavior that led to it?
 
 
96.
Who formulated the law of effect?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

1.
According to Herzberg, the key to true job satisfaction and motivation to perform lies in
 
 
2.
According to McClelland, the most important needs for managers are the needs for
 
 
3.
According to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), a disability is strictly defined as
 
 
4.
According to the ____ maintenance behavior such as trust open communication and loyalty (Didn't get the rest of the question down)
 
 
5.
Anna, a new recruit at Yellow Systems Inc., was encouraged to join the Hispanic Help Group (HHP) to discuss the challenges and opportunities faced by Hispanics at work. The group helped individuals like Anna, who came from a diverse background, understand the norms, culture, and other employees within the organization. With the help of this group, Anna was able to adjust to the organization more quickly and effectively. Thus, Hispanic Help Group is an example of a(n)
 
 
6.
A ________ approach is a leadership perspective that proposes universally important traits and behaviors do not exist and that effective leadership behavior varies.
 
 
7.
_______ are the rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person.
 
 
8.
Benny loves his job. It offers him the opportunity to meet lots of people, to work outdoors, and to do things his own way. Benny often jokes that he would be glad to do his job even if he is not given any pay. This sense of fulfillment is an example of
 
 
9.
"Depending upon your political persuasion, Dot is either the second coming of Ronald Reagan, or the second coming of Barack Obama!" said Ricky. "She is such a __________ leader. She is dominant, self-confident, convinced of the moral righteousness of her beliefs, and able to rally her followers with excitement."
 
 
10.
Disabilities are
 
 
11.
Even when managers do not themselves engage in _____, if they fail to prevent it or to take appropriate action after receiving legitimate complaints about it, they may still be held liable, along with their companies, if a lawsuit is filed.
 
 
12.
Gail was recently denied a promotion at her job. She was told that management was looking for someone who was more aggressive to fill the position. Gail's coworkers were surprised by the management's decision because she had a reputation for "getting things done." Gail later overheard one of the managers saying that he did not believe she was committed to her career because "she is a typical woman." This instance exemplifies the problem of _____ associated with a diverse workforce.
 
 
13.
The general goal of quality of work life (QWL) programs is to
 
 
14.
Im an employee is eager to lead his colleagues what is this an example of?
 
 
15.
In Maslow's need hierarchy, _____ need refers to a need for friendship, affection, belonging, and love.
 
 
16.
Integrating diversity into a corporate mission statement, providing adequate funding toward diversity efforts, and establishing corporate positions responsible for the management of diversity programs are all efforts that demonstrate top management's
 
 
17.
_____________________ is an example of extinction.
 
 
18.
______ is a set of perceptions of what employees owe their employers and what their employers owe employees.
 
 
19.
________________ is best described as a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of an organization.
 
 
20.
________________ is most likely to help employers in preventing an exodus of talent, and retaining skilled and knowledgeable older workers.
 
 
21.
____ is the act of changing a task to make it more rewarding
 
 
22.
_______________ is the first step to be taken in the process of cultivating a diverse workforce.
 
 
23.
______ is the link between performance and outcomes in expectancy theory.
 
 
24.
________ is the practice of removing or withholding an undesirable consequence.
 
 
25.
Jamals boss asks employees to make managerial decisions
 
 
26.
Juanita was offered a promotion for dating her supervisor this is an example of
 
 
27.
_____ leadership is a combination of strong professional will (determination) and personal humility that builds enduring greatness.
 
 
28.
A leader who has _____ power influences others because he or she controls valued benefits; people comply with the leader's wishes so as to receive those benefits.
 
 
29.
A leader who has _____ power influences others because he or she controls valued benefits; people comply with the leader's wishes so as to receive those benefits.
 
 
30.
A new employee, raj was scheduled to work in the accounting department but other employees didn't like him so they excluded him this is an example of
 
 
31.
_____________ organizations place the greatest value on cultural diversity and address the cultural aspects of integration.
 
 
32.
Robert house developed the _____ for what leaders follow to obtain their objectives
 
 
33.
Ryan went to a seminar as a part of recent promotion training, he found the seminar helpful this type of training is referred to as
 
 
34.
Select the question that can be used to identify a manager's level of task performance leadership.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

35.
Select the statement that is supported by equity theory.
 
 
36.
Stretch goals are the
 
 
37.
Sylvia has recently been denied a promotion. This is the third time she was turned down for a promotion despite excellent performance reviews. Her manager assures her that she was qualified for the promotion but "that's just the way things go." After this latest disappointment, Sylvia did an in-depth research on the history of her company. She found that only two women candidates had been promoted to upper management positions in the company's entire history. _____________ is the factor that is most likely obstructing Sylvia's career growth.
 
 
38.
________ theory proposes that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome.
 
 
39.
To correct the past exclusion of women and minorities, companies introduced _____, which meant they would use special efforts to recruit and hire qualified members of groups that have been discriminated against in the past.
 
 
40.
Which of the following is part of Maslow hierarchy of needs
 
 
41.
Which of the following statements is true
 
 
42.
Who formulated the law of effect?
 
 
43.
Work team diversity promotes creativity and innovation because people with different backgrounds
 
 
 

 

1.
According to expectancy theory, instrumentality is
 
 
2.
According to Herzberg, the key to true job satisfaction and motivation to perform lies in
 
 
3.
According to McClelland, _______ power is used as a negative force.
 
 
4.
After a team meeting, Min thought, "Asa has told us he doesn't want any disagreement or drama during the team meetings. But I don't agree with Asa's marketing strategy, and I wish we would have hashed out our different views. I think doing so might have fostered some new, creative ideas." If you were advising Asa to more effectively manage conflicts in his team, what would you say?
 
 
5.
Among the roles that superior team leaders perform, _____ involves seeking information from managers, peers, and specialists, and investigating problems systematically.
 
 
6.
art told his fellow roofer, "I'm telling the boss at the end of the day that I'm quitting. This work is too physically demanding and dangerous for what they're paying me." In the context of the expectancy theory, Bart illustrates
 
 
7.
At the team leadership level, the team leader
 
 
8.
Bernadette uses task performance behaviors to ensure that the work of her business unit gets done. Therefore, she
 
 
9.
"Cynthia, I don't think that your team is quite ready to have independent decision-making authority from 'top to bottom.' I will give you and your team authority to carry out major production activities, but I want you to still rely upon outside support for certain tasks, for example, quality control and maintenance." Cynthia's team will be a(n)
 
 
10.
"Depending upon your political persuasion, Dot is either the second coming of Ronald Reagan, or the second coming of Barack Obama!" said Ricky. "She is such a __________ leader. She is dominant, self-confident, convinced of the moral righteousness of her beliefs, and able to rally her followers with excitement."
 
 
11.
"Did you hear that Glenn is returning back to the States, to work in corporate headquarters as vice president of environmental services in the international division?" asked Tony. His co-worker, Jaime, replied, "Yes. Obviously those four years that Glenn has spent abroad, in our Paris and Tokyo offices, have served him well." Tony countered, "Well, he deserves the recognition and, frankly, our international division will benefit from Glenn's leadership. No doubt he has learned a great deal about living and doing business in other cultures." In leaving his culture and working in other cultures for a significant period of time, Glenn will bring _____________ leadership to his organization.
 
 
12.
_____ have control over whom to hire, whom to fire, and what tasks the team will perform.
 
 
13.
_____ have specific assignments, such as research, and members usually must contribute expert knowledge and judgment.
 
 
14.
In a traditional work environment,
 
 
15.
In Herzberg's two-factor theory, ____________ are characteristics of the workplace, such as company policies, working conditions, pay, and supervision, that can make people dissatisfied.
 
 
16.
In job _____, workers are given additional tasks at a higher level of responsibility.
 
 
17.
In Maslow's need hierarchy, ______________ includes the need for recognition and self-esteem.
 
 
18.
In the behavioral approach to leadership, _____ behavior is variously referred to as concern for production, directive leadership, initiating structure, or closeness of supervision.
 
 
19.
_____ is a team strategy that entails making decisions with the team and then letting outsiders know of its intentions.
 
 
20.
_____ is defined as a process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party.
 
 
21.
________ is the process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization.
 
 
22.
"I truly believe that our quality of work life (QWL) program is vital to our success," said Emil Thorpe, CEO of Thorpe Products. "It improves our effectiveness and productivity, where productivity means much more than each employee's quantity of work output. Productivity also includes
 
 
23.
_____ leadership gives purpose and meaning to organizations by anticipating and envisioning a viable future for the organization and working with others to initiate changes that create such a future.
 
 
24.
____ leadership refers to a style in which the leader is true to himself or herself while leading.
 
 
25.
A leader who has _____ power influences others because he or she controls valued benefits; people comply with the leader's wishes so as to receive those benefits.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

26.
Leo, operations manager at QuadFoods Storage, struggled with staffing the "dreaded" night shift, where all new employees were initially assigned. The turnover was high, morale was poor, and performance was dismal. Leo had tried positive reinforcement, offering rewards for punctuality and good work habits; this approach failed. He had also tried the extinction approach, adopting a hands-off approach, also with little success. Finally, he had punished wrongdoers, and that approach also failed to bring about any desired change. If Leo now tries negative reinforcement, what might be a proper approach?
 
 
27.
Lucy, a manager at an organization, has a lot of influence over her employees. She is a popular manager. Her subordinates like working with her and want to emulate her. In this scenario, Lucy has _____ power.
 
 
28.
"My direct reports will be Daniella as marketing manager, Katherine as R&D manager, Nick as engineering manager, Cara as projects manager, Emma as procurement manager, and Benito as construction manager. We've worked together for two years, and no one is better than these professionals. They will lead their respective subunit departments, work together in an integrated fashion, and support me very effectively," said Kenny, Executive Vice President for AllStar Technologies. These people represent Kenny's
 
 
29.
Ralph candidly thinks to himself, "I just don't know if I have the leadership skills to progress in my career. I've made it to the second level of management, but I want to contribute at a greater level. I have always held the view that 'leaders are born, not made,' and I have considered myself fortunate to be one of these born leaders. I have the necessary leadership traits. However, as my responsibilities have increased, I have become less and less effective in leading larger and more diverse organizations. The negative performance of my business unit is reflecting this, as is my ability to develop my staff." How would you advise Ralph?
 
 
30.
Using the findings of Kouzes and Posner, select the action taken by the best leaders.