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BUSI 409 Final Exam solutions complete answers
BUSI 409 Final Exam solutions complete answers
If an organization takes out an ad in the newspaper or hands out flyers on the corner urging members of the general public to do the same, that is:
To lobby effectively, a nonprofit organization needs to understand how is(are) considered at the local, state, or national level—wherever its lobbying efforts will be focused.
Nonprofits often play a critical role in creating:
There are restrictions on the use of government or foundation funds used by nonprofits for the purpose of lobbying, but from gifts, grants, or earned income may be used to fund a lobbying effort.
According to your textbook author, the acts of advocacy and lobbying are fundamental pillars of:
Determine the three primary ways governments send funds to nonprofit organizations.
Justify a reason why a nonprofit organization should not accept a financial gift.
Building a base of support is referred to as:
Who could be considered as the father of economic entrepreneurship?
In January 2007, the 100th Congress amended House Rule 25 (called the ), placing stricter limits on what gifts or privately supported travel members of the House of Representatives can accept from lobbyists.
Michael Worth writes that social entrepreneurs are:
XYZ nonprofit’s request for a federal government contract was denied. XYZ may appeal this decision to:
A nonprofit organization considering selling a product is evaluating the marketplace for competitors. This is an example of exploring:
This decade saw the development of block grants and the expansion of state spending.
Political action committees are classified under which section of the IRS Code?
This concept reflects investing in a portfolio that includes stocks, cash, bonds, real estate, and other classes of assets, providing for the long-term growth of the principal.
A nonprofit board of directors is working to establish an endowment investment portfolio that will earn enough income to match higher future costs. This is an example of applying the:
The largest portion of giving by individuals is directed to , which accounts for about 46 percent of the total each year.
Some companies and nonprofits include individuals whose job is to drive creativity and innovation within the organization. They are called:
A social business is not:
Distinguish between the two types of accounting.
Investigate the activities of the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project.
Although philanthropy in some form is common around the world, organized fundraising and philanthropy on a massive scale are still primarily a(an) ____________ phenomenon.
This is an activity undertaken with the goal of eliciting charitable or philanthropic giving.
This is the idea that companies make gifts that might not have a direct or immediate benefit to the bottom line, but that would generally help maintain a healthy society in which to do business.
This is giving according to a plan that relates the corporation’s philanthropy to its overall strategic and business goals.
____________ are required to expend a minimum of an amount equivalent to five percent of the value of their invested assets each year, for either grants or operating expenses.
These types of foundations support their own programs and generally do not make grants to other organizations.
The concept of __________ states that individuals are driven by their nature to help others and improve the human condition.
The inclination to give resources based on the ability to make history and affect the conditions under which people live is identified by Schervish and Havens as:
Identifying individuals, foundations, and corporations who are prospects of giving is a task often performed by professionals engaged in.
A nonprofit will increase the chances of gaining support of a prospective donor if it devotes some time and attention __________________ to before moving to solicit a gift.
In soliciting for gifts, the more _______________ the contact, the better it is.
This is a formal, written document that states the mutual understandings of the donor and the organization.
The _______________ is a classic depiction of how individuals develop their giving relationship with an organization.
According to Dunlop, these are gifts that individual donors make to meet some nonrecurring need of the organization.
This is a statement in an individual’s will or living trust dictating that on his or her death, some amount or portion of his or her estate is to be given to a charitable organization.
In campaigns, prospects are solicited in a planned sequence beginning with those closest to the organization and the most promising prospects, proceeding later to those who are less related or who are deemed to have less financial potential. This is known as:
A campaign is not announced to the public until a significant portion of its total goal has been raised as part of a during what is known as the campaign’s quiet period.
An important tool in planning and managing a campaign is the _______________, which reflects the proportional giving necessary to achieve the campaign’s overall goal, starting with a lead gift that is at least 10 percent of the goal, and then doubling the number of gifts needed at each successively lower dollar level.
This subspecialty in fundraising encompasses all the back-office operations such as gift recording and acknowledgment, prospect research, and information systems management.
Melvin gave a gift to the American Red Cross to be used to provide clothing for individuals who lost their homes due to a major flood. At the same time a local foundation provided the Red Cross funds to develop plans for a new housing subdivision away from the flood zone. Melvin’s gift is an example of _______ while the foundation’s gift is an example of _______.
Two terms used to describe long-term and broad-based fundraising are:
A business-supply company made a gift to a location nonprofit organization of free office supplies for one year. This type of gift is referred to as:
Robert made a large financial gift to the hospice that provided his wife with end-of-life care in gratitude for their service. Robert would be classified as a _______ type of donor.
Becky, an advancement officer, is researching which physicians living in her community have graduated from the college Becky works for. Which step of the fundraising process is Becky performing?
A tool commonly used to evaluate the efficiency of a fundraising effort is:
A nonprofit organization invited its donors to a formal dinner to thank them for their support to the organization. Which step of the fundraising process is the nonprofit performing?
A nonprofit organization used social media to develop a large network of donors. This is an example of:
ABC nonprofit mailed each of its donors an annual report. This is an example of which step of the fundraising process?
Robert and Betty invested in an insurance policy with their college alumni association being the beneficiary. This is an example of which type of giving?
Religious organizations and human services organizations are highly reliant on charitable or philanthropic giving.
Private giving must be used for programs and services and cannot be used for operations or capacity building.
The largest source of gifts is from private individuals.
Development is attention to the long-term growth of an organization.
The motivations of individual donors are more complex and less calculated than those of corporations or foundations.
It is more important to identify and qualify prospects first before identifying priorities and developing the case.
A campaign involves two phases: the quiet phase and the public phase.
The cost of fundraising is not as important as the amount of money raised.
A restricted gift is one that is designated by the donor for a specific purpose and must be used in that manner.
The return on investment in fundraising is a more appropriate measure of effectiveness than the cost-benefit ratio.
This is income from payment for goods or services that the nonprofit has provided.
According to Wei-Skillern, if the level of earned income is small it may be considered:
The watershed event for nonprofit-corporate partnerships came in 1983, when _______________ supported renovation of the Statue of Liberty by offering to contribute a penny to the campaign each time a consumer used his or her credit card from this company.
This is a contract that permits a for-profit company to use the nonprofit’s name or logo on its products in return for a royalty payment to the nonprofit.
In a ______________, the company pays for the use of its name or logo in connection with the nonprofit’s products or events.
Corporate sponsorships offer nonprofits the benefits of added revenue and ______________ through the company’s promotion of the relationship.
This is an arrangement under which the company contributes either a fixed amount for each sale of a product or a specified percentage of its sales of.
__________________ ties the nonprofit’s income directly to the number or amount of total sales made by the corporate partner and thus represents a true partnership in which the interests of both partners are aligned.
are corporations that are engaged in cause marketing.
The nonprofit’s principal contribution to the partnership is its name, recognition, and reputation, for which the corporation is willing to pay in order to enhance its own visibility, image, and sales. Such relationships are largely an exchange of:
In ___________________ nonprofits provide services and resources that corporations need for their business operations, but they also provide opportunities for companies to achieve a social benefit with resources that are outside their philanthropic or marketing budgets.
Nonprofits that provide public goods and services to fill gaps left by government programs and services are considered:
Government payments represent 65 percent of funding for _______________.
Government funding made directly to an organization is a ___________________.
Nonprofits may have a competitive advantage over for-profits securing government contracts because ___________________.
Starting in the 1980s, the U.S. federal government uses __________ that give state officials the flexibility to decide how to delegate the funds.
A grant is an award of money that may be paid ______________.
Providing students with federal funds to pay tuition costs is an example of a:
Witesman and Fernandez write that government officials:
The term performance based in a contract usually means that _______________________.
A(an) ________________ is someone who creates value by improving efficiency and effectiveness in the use of society’s limited resources. This can also be described as someone who identifies an opportunity; creates a venture to pursue it; and ultimately upsets the status quo and makes previous products, services, and approaches obsolete.
The process by which companies and organizations adhering to old ways decline and disappear, while new companies and industries grow to replace them, is called:
Those embracing the school believe that social entrepreneurship is virtually synonymous with the creation of earned-income ventures by nonprofits. They believe that an entrepreneur is someone who starts a new business and, in the case of a social entrepreneur, a business with a social purpose.
Those who embrace the __________________ school believe that social entrepreneurs play a role in society similar to that of the business entrepreneur in the economy. In their view, the social entrepreneur is an innovator; a change agent; someone who identifies an opportunity, undertakes direct action to pursue it, and produces change that improves the condition of people and society.
According to Dees and colleagues, where others see problems, entrepreneurs see:
The changes during the later decades of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st were often disruptive and provided new opportunities for business and social entrepreneurship across the globe. This can also be referred to as:
Social entrepreneurs who focus on creating wide-scale change embrace the social _______ school.
In Crutchfield and Grant’s list of exemplary organizations, all have created committed __________ on their behalf.
Seelos and Mair developed a model of _______ that leaders may use to improve organizational capacity.
The nonprofit organization Year Up provides young people:
The end of removed political barriers to economic interaction and to nonprofit organizations, which had often been viewed as threats by repressive governments.
The establishment of _______________ areas and organizations in the 1990s, including the World Trade Organization (WTO), the European Union (EU), and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), led to greater economic integration across national boundaries.
Among the most powerful forces for change has been _____________. It has driven international economic competition in a “flat” world, in which national borders prevent no barrier to entry into the mainstream of business life.
Although the term has different meanings in different parts of the world, what we call a nonprofit in the United States is elsewhere most commonly referred to as a:
There is no concept quite like the U.S. “nonprofit sector” in most parts of the world. In the international context, some scholars refer to the collection of organizations that reside between government and the private sector as the:
The best-known NGOs are the ________________, whose activities are not confined to a single country.
Most American national nonprofits are:
This type of organization has some programs in other countries, but it is governed within and maintains a focus on its home country.
This type of organization is one that has activities throughout the world and that probably has a governance structure that places decision-making in the hands of individuals from multiple countries.
According to the Johns Hopkins project research, the largest numbers of NGOs provide:
Cratchfield and Grant write that nonprofit organizations have more impact if they.
Ad-hoc relationships are long term.
One of the significant obstacles to successful collaboration is culture.
Collaboration is when two or more organizations work together toward common objectives.
Volunteer emotions may be a deciding factor in a board’s decision to merge with another organization.
Each of the terms below refers to a type of nonprofit corporation relationship except.
A ___ is formed when two or more organizations combine legal control.
Mergers of chapters within a federated organization or national NP with local chapters are
Organizations that collaborate to increase and share resources are applying
What is a disadvantage of the concept of collective impact?
Social marketing seeks to change human behavior and improve society.
NGOs need to enlarge in marketing because of competition for funding from corporate foundations and individuals.
Brand is a name, term, symbol, etc that ID the goods and services of 1 seller from competitors.
CRAM involves promising a result and changing attitudes.
The most credible medium of communication is
Communication a message requires tailoring it to both 1 way and 2 way communication and __ is essential.
A relationship established between and NGO and a private sector corporation to build stakeholder engagement is
NGO board is ensuring they include an advertising goal in their organization plan this is an example of
Giving up something in return for something is referred to as
Some individuals believe that NGO should not engage in negative practice of marketing.
Advocacy includes contacting a legislator to request a vote in favor or against a specific bill.
Data shows that less than two percent of nonprofit organizations engage in lobbying.
A common reason that NGOs do not engage in lobbying is
Charitable NGOs are prohibited from engaging in campaigns and from endorsing candidates.
A 501c4 organization is prohibited from political campaign activity.
Which law established option 1 and option 2 for the substantial part test.
__ have been at the forefront of every important social change in the U.S.
NGOs may spend only 1/4 as much on grassroots lobbying as direct lobbying and there is a cap of
__ may not endorse or oppose legislature in com with legislatures/public is com includes a call to action.
Physical assets serve the same purpose as operating reserves.
A board of directors may withdraw funds from a quasi endowment.
The key in bookkeeping is making judgments and establishing policies to guide the organ financial life.
Endowment management is governed by state law.
Three budgets a NGO should include an operating budget, capital budget, and cash budget.
This provides a snapshot of the organization at a point in time usually the end of the fiscal year.
The ___ shows how every category of expense is allocated by a nonprofit.
NGO x is sending bills to clients who owe fees for services received. What type of transaction?
__ involves privacy, confidentiality, records retention, separation of duties, data backup, ect.
This term considers whether the organization had an operating surplus broke even or operated at loss.
____________ refers to the methods and systems by which financial transactions are recorded, either by hand or on a computer.
This encompasses the rules by which financial transactions are classified and reported.
This concept usually involves the analysis of various financial ratios that may provide indicators of trends and the organization’s financial health.
Often equivalent to six months or one year of the operating budget, ______________ are generally invested in very secure, short-term instruments such as bank certificates of deposit or money market funds.
With __________ , funds given by donors specify that the principal be retained and be invested in perpetuity, and the board has limited or no flexibility in using these funds.
Accounting on a(n) __________ takes into account the money that a nonprofit has earned and is entitled to receive, as well as obligations for expenditures that it has not yet incurred.
This provides a snapshot of the organization at a point in time, usually the end of a fiscal year.
This can be compared to a video that shows the flow of revenues and expenses of an organization, and the resulting changes in net assets over a period of time, generally a fiscal year.
The ___________ shows how every category of expense is allocated by a nonprofit.
The principal of how an asset’s value declines over time is called:
This term considers whether the organization had an operating surplus, broke even, or operated at a loss.
An organization that is __________ possesses sufficient cash at the right times to meet its obligations as they come due.
Assessing _________ requires evaluating whether the organization is financially strong or in jeopardy and looking at the liabilities as well as the revenue and expenses shown on the statement of activities.
The goal of the ________ is to provide enough payout each year to meet the needs of current programs, while also allowing the value of the endowment principal to grow to keep pace with inflation and provide more income to sustain programs in future years.
In this process, all programs and departments start at zero at the beginning of each year’s budget process and need to justify their budgets from the ground up.
These types of policies limit or place boundaries on the actions that may be taken under certain circumstances.
These are established by the governing board, and they may identify allowable ranges for specific financial indicators or ratios, for example, liquidity, debt, or assets held in the endowment fund.
__________ involve(s) privacy, confidentiality, records retention, separation of duties, data backup, and other such concerns.
One fundamental principle of ____________ requires that duties of individuals be separated so that no one person handles an entire transaction from beginning to end.
How do nonprofit organizations measure their success?
The Brown Foundation gave a local nonprofit organization a $1million endowment. This is an example of what type of revenue source?
Manny gave a nonprofit organization a $10,000 gift to be used to cover the implementation cost of a new program. This is an example of a(an):
A nonprofit organization is sending bills to clients who owe fees for services received. Which accounting term describes this type of transaction?
Maxine is preparing a supplemental note explaining extenuating circumstances related to data reported in a statement of activities. Maxine is completing which type of financial statement?
A nonprofit CEO is comparing the amount of money her organization uses to raise funds and the cost of overhead. The CEO is using a(an) __________ to assess organizational performance.
An information technology specialist told a CEO that her organization’s computer system needs to be upgraded. This is an example of:
Brandy’s organization has leased its office space. This type of budget item would be considered a(an):
The CEO of a nonprofit organization and his staff are preparing a flood evacuation plan. This is an example of:
Physical assets serve the same purpose as operating reserves.
A board of directors may withdraw funds from a quasi-endowment.
Bookkeeping includes the methods and systems by which financial transactions are recorded.
The key in bookkeeping is making judgments and establishing policies to guide the organization’s financial life.
Diverse sources of revenue such as earned income and philanthropic giving minimize risk and maximize autonomy for a nonprofit.
Endowment funds are not intended to be spent—ever.
Buildings, vehicles, and equipment are considered fixed assets.
Accrual basis accounting records financial transactions only when money changes hands.
A statement of financial position shows a snapshot of the organization’s assets and liabilities at a single point in time.
Endowment management is governed by state law.
Depreciation refers to the difference between assets and liabilities.
Three budgets a nonprofit should have include an operating budget, a capital budget, and a cash budget.
One influential management theorist of the early 20th century was Frederick W. Taylor, whose approach to management was developed in industrial settings and became known as _________.
______ is a theory that stated that human needs progress from those at lower levels to those at higher levels as the lower-level needs are met.
This theory, reflected in management practices in most organizations, is based on the assumption that workers are lazy, resistant to change, and not concerned with the organization’s needs.
Another name for the motivation factor that Herzberg named “hygiene factors” is _______.
A study of nonprofit workers conducted by the Princeton Survey Research Associates and supervised by the Brookings Institution found that nonprofit workers are driven by ________.
It can be argued that nonprofits have an advantage over for-profit companies in ________.
This model describes how individuals make decisions based on their expectations about the likely outcomes.
Skinner’s principle of ________explained that we repeat behaviors that are rewarded and tend not to repeat those that are not.
As Letts and colleagues observed, managers often face two challenges: Getting the job done and _______.
In general, ________ are more likely to be volunteers than _______, and this is true across all age groups, educational levels, and other characteristics.
The type of volunteer that will likely respond to a call for volunteers at a school for a three-day book fair is a _________.
In planning for a volunteer program, nonprofits should assess the need for volunteers and develop volunteer _________.
A _________ makes a commitment to the volunteer activity and gains a sense of gratification and accomplishment from the work.
When an organization launches a program to recruit volunteers, having _________ helps communicate to volunteers that they are accepting a significant responsibility and that their assignment involves doing real work that is central to the program of the nonprofit.
In a 2004 study conducted by the Urban Institute, _______ nonprofits had a paid professional position for management of volunteers.
An organization that seeks to draw the strength that comes from bringing together people of different perspectives, experiences, cultures, and backgrounds embraces ________.
As Maslow and other theorists explain, people come to the workplace _______.
The various life-stage theories have many critics, but the theories reflect a(n) _______ consistent with the values of most nonprofit organizations.
Millennials as a generational cohort were greatly influenced by the _______.
A _________ is one who is strongly encouraged or even mandated to volunteer.
In the mid-20th century, an increasingly competitive economic environment led to a new approach to marketing in the business world, one reflecting a ______.
For many people today, marketing is still synonymous with _________, and they may see it as something possibly inconsistent with the values and the culture of the nonprofit sector.
According to the principles of ___________, the organization develops its product to be responsive to what the customer needs and wants.
In the most elementary of definitions, ________ is the transmission or exchange of information.
Various combinations of marketing variables and tools, colloquially known as the “4 Ps,” are called _________.
Organizations can adjust the marketing mix to differentiate themselves from others and position themselves in a unique __________, gaining an advantage over other organizations or alternative activities with which they may compete.
The need to keep promotion cost-effective requires focusing communication on segments of the public most likely to respond—that is, on _______.
These objective measures include age, gender, race, income, and geography: _______.
These patterns of past behavior can divide people into identifiable groups: _______.
_______ combine demographic data with knowledge about individuals’ lifestyles,defined by their activities, interests, and opinions.
This approach to pricing, in which the price charged to the customer or client is set to cover what it costs the organization to produce or provide it, is called _____.
Nonprofits may compete directly with other organizations, nonprofit or for-profit, but also face _________ from all alternative uses for individuals’ time and money.
This method of establishing pricing involves charging people different prices based on the market segment to which they belong, determined by objective variables.
In a commercial transaction, a ________occurs when you give something up (money) in exchange for a reward that you receive, whether an education, a concert, or medical care.
Burnett defines this as “a name, term, sign, symbol, design, or a combination of these that is intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or group of sellers and differentiate them from those of competitors.”
A(n) _________ describes the expectations that you have about what you will receive when you buy a specific product or service.
Building a positive and consistent brand image requires that an organization integrate its marketing and communication efforts so that all communication from that organization represents the organization as a whole. This is known as ______.
The most credible medium of communication is ______.
Communicating a message requires tailoring it to both one-way communication and two-way communication, and ______ is essential.
The findings of several studies suggest that nonprofit organizations that hold a market orientation, perhaps better defined as a “social orientation,” do attain ________ than those that do not.
According to Dr. Worth (textbook author), ______ have been at the forefront of every important social change in the United State.
Also according to Dr. Worth, MOST nonprofits ______ lobby.
In ______ of the life cycle of a social change issue, analysts look at the data to consider how the problem might be addressed.
Which action listed below is a basic right of every individual and organization in the United States?
A nonprofit social welfare organization is encouraging its members to write letters to members of Congress to support proposed legislation. This action is called ______.
Volunteers supporting a nonprofit organization are developing a list of people who may support the organization’s cause. The term that describes their activity is ______.
Members of a nonprofit organization are encouraging people in their community to vote in support of a local referendum. The term that describes their activity is ______.
The Johnson Amendment to the Internal Revenue Code prohibits religious organizations from participating in ______.
Organizations that employ professional lobbyists at the federal level MUST meet the requirements of ______.
_____ are NOT required to disclose the names of donors to the public.
The ______ places stricter limits on what gifts members of the House of Representatives can accept from lobbyists.
To lobby effectively, a nonprofit organization needs to understand how ______ is done at different levels of government.
What type of revenues may be used to fund a lobbying effort?
Approaching a legislator with ______ is important to persuade a legislator.
The most effective tool for persuading a legislator is a/an ______.
Daniel is writing a letter to the editor of the local newspaper. He is encouraging citizens to join him in expressing his like of city funds supporting a local nonprofit organization. Daniel is ______.
A is permitted to engage in partisan political activity.
The board of directors of a statewide nonprofit organization is contacting members of the state legislature and asking them to not support legislation that would reduce the nonprofit’s level of state funding. The board is participating in ______ lobbying.
The board of directors of a nonprofit organization is studying the platforms of state legislators to identify politicians who may favor the nonprofit’s mission. The board is applying which best practice of program advocacy?
Which type of nonprofit organization is permitted to lobby without limitation?
A nonprofit CEO and his staff are discussing the status of their nonprofit’s ability to achieve its mission. One staff member commented the organization has experienced a roller-coaster ride of ups and downs over the years and it may be time to change the organization’s processes. According to Andreasen, this nonprofit is in which stage of social change?
According to Dr. Worth, a common reason that nonprofits do not engage in lobbying is ______.
_________refers to the methods and systems by which financial transactions are recorded, either by hand or on a computer.
________ encompasses the rules by which financial transactions are classified and reported.
________ usually involves the analysis of various financial ratios that may provide indicators of trends and the organization’s financial health.
Often equivalent to 6 months or 1 year of the operating budget, ________ are generally invested in very secure, short-term instruments such as bank certificates of deposit or money market funds.
With ________ funds given by donors specify that the principal be retained and be invested in perpetuity, and the board has limited or no flexibility in using these funds.
Accounting on a(n) ________ takes into account the money that a nonprofit has earned and is entitled to receive, as well as obligations for expenditures that it has not yet incurred.
________ provides a snapshot of the organization at a point in time, usually the end of a fiscal year.
________can be compared to a video that shows the flow of revenues and expenses of an organization, and the resulting changes in net assets over a period of time, generally a fiscal year.
The ________shows how every category of expense is allocated by a nonprofit.
The principal of how an asset’s value declines over time is called________.
________ considers whether the organization had an operating surplus, broke even, or operated at a loss.
An organization that is ________ is possessed of sufficient cash at the right times to meet its obligations as they come due.
Assessing ________ requires evaluating whether the organization is financially strong or in jeopardy and looking at the liabilities as well as the revenue and expenses shown on the statement of activities.
________ reflects investing in a portfolio that includes stocks, cash, bonds, real estate, and other classes of assets, providing for the long-term growth of the principal.
The goal of the ________ is to provide enough payout each year to meet the needs of current programs, while also allowing the value of the endowment principal to grow to keep pace with inflation and provide more income to sustain programs in future years.
In the ________, all programs and departments start at zero at the beginning of each year’s budget process and need to justify their budgets from the ground up.
These types of policies limit or place boundaries on the actions that may be taken under certain circumstances.
_______ are established by the governing board, and they may identify allowable ranges for specific financial indicators or ratios, for example, liquidity, debt, or assets held in the endowment fund.
One fundamental principle of __________ requires that duties of individuals be separated so that no one person handles an entire transaction from beginning to end.
_______ involve(s) privacy, confidentiality, records retention, the separation of duties, data backup, and other such concerns.
Although philanthropy in some form is common around the world, organized fund-raising and philanthropy on a massive scale is still primarily a(n) _______.
The largest portion of giving by individuals is directed to ________, which accounts for about 35 percent of the total each year.
This is an activity undertaken with the goal of eliciting charitable or philanthropic giving.
This is the idea that companies make gifts that might not have a direct or immediate benefit to the bottom line, but that would generally help maintain a healthy society in which to do business.
This is giving according to a plan that relates the corporation’s philanthropy to its overall strategic and business goals.
________are required to expend a minimum of an amount equivalent to 5 percent of the value of their invested assets each year, either for grants or operating expenses.
These types of foundations support their own programs and generally do not make grants to other organizations.
The concept of __________ states that individuals are driven by their nature to help others and improve the human condition.
The inclination to give based on the ability to make history and affect the conditions under which people live is identified by Schervish and Havens as __________.
Identifying individuals, foundations, and corporations who are prospects of giving is a task often performed by professionals engaged in __________.
A nonprofit will increase the chances of gaining support of a prospective donor if it devotes some time and attention to __________ before moving to solicit a gift.
In soliciting for gifts, the more ________ the contact, the better it is.
This is a formal, written document that states the mutual understandings of the donor and the organization.
The __________ is a classic depiction of how individuals are believed to develop their giving relationship with an organization.
According to Dunlop, these are gifts that individual donors make to meet some non-recurring need of the organization.
This is a statement in an individual’s will or living trust dictating that on his or her death, some amount or portion of his or her estate is to be given to a charitable organization.
In campaigns, prospects are solicited in a planned sequence beginning with those closest to the organization and the most promising prospects, proceeding later to those who are less related or who are deemed to have less financial potential. This is known as _______.
A campaign is not announced to the public until a significant portion of its total goal has been raised as part of a _______ during what is known as the campaign’s quiet period.
An important tool in planning and managing a campaign is the ________,which reflects the proportional giving necessary to achieve the campaign’s overall goal, starting with a lead gift that is at least 10 percent of the goal, and then doubling the number of gifts needed at each successively lower dollar level.
This subspecialty in fund-raising encompasses all the back-office operations such as gift recording and acknowledgment, prospect research, and information systems management.
_________ is income from payment for goods or services that the nonprofit has provided.
_________ is defined by CWV as “revenue generated through profitable or self-sustaining enterprises to promote social change.”
The landmark event for nonprofit-corporate partnerships came in 1983, when ___________ supported renovation of the Statue of Liberty by offering to contribute a penny to the campaign each time a consumer used his or her credit card from this company.
_______is a contract that permits a for-profit company to use the nonprofit’s name or logo on its products in return for a royalty payment to the nonprofit.
In a ______, the company pays for the use of its name or logo in connection with the nonprofit’s products or events.
Corporate sponsorships offer nonprofits the benefits of added revenue and ______, through the company’s promotion of the relationship.
______ is an arrangement under which the company contributes either a fixed amount for each sale of a product or a specified percentage of its sales of a product to the nonprofit, usually in connection with a short-term promotion.
______ also ties the nonprofit’s income directly to the number or amount of total sales made by the corporate partner and thus represents a true partnership in which the interests of both partners are aligned.
______ are corporations that are engaged in cause marketing.
The nonprofit’s principal contribution to the partnership is its name, recognition, and reputation, for which the corporation is willing to pay in order to enhance its own visibility, image, and sales. Such relationships are largely an exchange of ______.
In ___________, nonprofits provide services and resources that corporations need for their business operations, but they also provide opportunities for companies to achieve a social benefit with resources that are outside their philanthropic or marketing budgets.
These are new initiatives undertaken jointly by two entities and may involve a specific activity or the creation of a new entity jointly owned by the two partners.
Successful partnerships have a logic to them, and a nonprofit seeking a corporate sponsor needs to think in terms of the company’s ______.
A 2008 study conducted by the Duke University Center for Social Enterprise found that over _______ nonprofits examined in the United States and Canada currently operate a social enterprise organization.
Physical equipment, space, access to desired resources, and process expertise are all examples of
A detailed, comprehensive document that encompasses elements of strategic, marketing, business, and operational plans organization is called a ________.
Most business plans begin with a(n) _______ that gives a thorough but succinct overview of the major points made in the following sections of the plan.
A hybrid or cross between a nonprofit and a for-profit corporation, a ________ is in essence a for-profit company with a social purpose and that permits investors to receive a modest return.
Careful business plans will include a(n) _______ that shows how projected results will vary if the assumptions are wrong by some percentage.
Critics of earned income do not always acknowledge that as many as________ of nonprofit business ventures conducted by nonprofits that provide human and social services are “directly or closely related to their missions.”
Nonprofits that provide public goods and services to fill gaps left by government programs and services are considered ________.
U.S. Government payments represent 65 percent of funding for ________.
Government funding made directly to an organization that is paid upfront or in installments is a_______.
Government support for nonprofits has increased because _______.
All of the following are challenges a nonprofit faces when working with the government EXCEPT _______.
A grant is an award of money that may be paid _______.
One of the differences between a contract and a grant is that a contract _______.
One of the challenges in working with government would include _______.
The term performance-based in a contract usually means that _______.
The current realities of government funding favor _______.
Becoming primarily or exclusively a government contractor can lead to _______.
Which of the following in NOT true of a request for proposals (RFP)?
Which of the following variables define eligibility for grant funding?
An organization should proceed with writing a government grant proposal when __________.
In preparing to apply for a grant, some nonprofits wisely _______.
Nonprofits that hope to secure government funding must do all of the following EXCEPT _______.
Smaller nonprofits advocating for themselves should _______.
All of these statements are true of nonprofit funding except _______.
A nonprofit ______ consider collaboration when applying for a government grant.
What is a person who creates value by improving efficiency and effectiveness in the use of society’s limited resources called?
What is the process by which organizations adhering to old ways decline and disappear called?
Those reflecting the ______ school define a social entrepreneur is someone who starts a business with a social purpose.
Those who embrace the ______ school believe a social entrepreneur is a change agent who produces change that improves the condition of people and society.
What is an individual whose job is to drive creativity and innovation within an organization called?
According to researchers, Dees and colleagues, where others see problems, entrepreneurs see ______.
The changes during the first decade of the 21st century were often disruptive and provided new opportunities for social entrepreneurship across the globe. What is this disruption called?
______ occurs when the right person is in the right place at the right time with the right skills.
Social entrepreneurs who focus on creating wide-scale change embrace the teaching of the social ______ school.
Crutchfield & Grant argue that exemplary organizations all have created committed ______ working on their behalf.
Seelos & Mair developed a model of _______ that leaders use to improve organizational capacity.
The Youth Advocacy Center encourages young people to ______:
The “scientific charity” movement emerged during the ______ century:
Professionalized philanthropy emerged in the United States during the ______ century.
Which tool listed below provides leaders powerful questions to answer when wanting to achieve organizational change?
______ in developing nations are often controlled by vested interests that resist change.
Dr. Yunus considers voluntary giving in support of nongovernmental organizations a form of ______.
Paul Light criticizes social entrepreneurship ______.
The Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act created the ______.
______ service.
Dr. Worth writes a result of the global recession of 2007-2009 was a/an ______.
Dr. Worth writes that social entrepreneurs are ______ forces.
Global governments are likely to see social entrepreneurship as ______.
Social entrepreneurship is a strategy for ______.
Crutchfield and Grant write that high-performing organizations ______.
Dees and Anderson recommend the social enterprise school and the social innovation school be blended into one school referred to as ______.
The end of the ______ removed political barriers to nonprofit organizations, which had been viewed as threats by repressive governments.
The establishment of ______ areas in the 1990s led to greater economic integration across national boundaries.
Which type of international organization has government members, but maintains an independent status as well?
Although the term has different meanings in different parts of the world, what we call a nonprofit in the United States is elsewhere referred to as a ______ organization.
Some scholars refer to the collection of organizations that reside between government and the private sector as the ______ sector.
What term is used to identify organizations that place decision-making in the hands of individuals from multiple countries?
American national nonprofits are largely ______.
Which type of organization has programs in other countries, but maintains a focus on its home country?
What type of international nongovernmental organization (INGO) promotes a cause on a multinational basis?
According to Johns Hopkins research, the largest number of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) provide ______.
What type of international nongovernmental organization’s (INGO) primary purpose is to design and implement economic development projects?
Which organization announced 17 Sustainable Development Goals for 2030?
According to Koenig, at which stage of evolution do international organizations evolve?
What are the funds immigrants send directly to their home countries called?
What is the largest foundation located in the United States?
Global fund-raising requires a presence of ______.
Incentives for philanthropy in the United States have become less attractive as a result of the ______.
The ______ has greatly increased the ability of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to reach potential donors.
According to the research by Dr. Thomas, what is the most important regional difference that nongovernmental organization (NGO) managers must accommodate?
A current trend for nongovernmental organizations is that regional chapters are seeking ______.
According to Koenig, the larger an organization’s international presence is, the more ______ it should be when looking at options for its operations.
The Lilly Family School of Philanthropy reported American philanthropy directed to internal programs totaled ______ billion in 2016.
Until recently, China required fund-raising organizations to ______.
Which foreign country has successfully used face-to-face street solicitations for fund-raising?
According to Cagney and Ross, which country has had great success in achieving large mass attendance at fund-raising events?
According to Thomas, which three cultural characteristics are manifestations of a nation’s culture?
Who developed the International Classification of Nonprofit Organizations index?
International philanthropy flowing from Western Europe has ______ in recent years.
Which of the following statements is not true concerning international and global organizations?
Which of the following statements is not true concerning international and global organizations?
Identify two of the most common solicitation methods and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of them.
Explain how Ashoka Fellows are selected.
Yunus considers the voluntary giving that supports NGOs to be a form of ; in other words, nonprofits receive only the economic surplus that affluent people voluntarily give and do not have a sustainable revenue model of their own.
In 2013, Russia passed:
Successful partnerships have logic to them, and a nonprofit seeking a corporate sponsor needs to think in terms of the company’s:
In Crutchfield and Grant’s list of exemplary organizations, all have created committed on their behalf.
· Question 1
6 out of 6 points
Historically, many NGOs had centralized structures that were pushed out to chapters as they were established, but as growth extends into more geographically remote regions and diverse national and cultural settings, there is a trend toward for regional chapters or affiliates.
· Question 2
6 out of 6 points
Which type of relationship is not a nonprofit-corporate relationship?
· Question 3
6 out of 6 points
Economist Burton Weisbrod wrote in the Stanford Social Innovation Review that Congress should:
· Question 4
6 out of 6 points
In this stage of the life cycle of a social change issue, analysts and advocates look at the data and consider how the problem might be addressed.
· Question 5
6 out of 6 points
This is a formal, written document that states the mutual understandings of the donor and the organization.
· Question 6
6 out of 6 points
The nonprofit organization Year Up provides young people:
· Question 7
6 out of 6 points
A detailed, comprehensive document that encompasses elements of strategic, marketing, business, and operational plans organization is called a:
· Question 8
6 out of 6 points
This is an activity undertaken with the goal of eliciting charitable or philanthropic giving.
· Question 9
6 out of 6 points
are required to expend a minimum of an amount equivalent to five percent of the value of their invested assets each year, for either grants or operating expenses.
· Question 10
Starting in the 1980s, the U.S. federal government uses __________ that give state officials the flexibility to decide how to delegate the funds.
· Question 11
6 out of 6 points
This is income from payment for goods or services that the nonprofit has provided.
· Question 12
6 out of 6 points
These are established by the governing board, and they may identify allowable ranges for specific financial indicators or ratios, for example, liquidity, debt, or assets held in the endowment fund.
· Question 13
Global governments are likely to see social entrepreneurships as:
· Question 14
6 out of 6 points
Although research has indicated that nonprofits actually lobbying as government becomes a more predominant source of their revenue, concern about alienating government foundation funders is a barrier for some.
· Question 15
6 out of 6 points
In June 2007, the IRS released a to clarify the criteria by which it would determine what is and is not illegal campaign involvement; this included 21 hypothetical examples of activity and a discussion of why each does or does not constitute a violation of the law.
· Question 16
6 out of 6 points
Identifying individuals, foundations, and corporations who are prospects of giving is a task often performed by professionals engaged in
· Question 17
6 out of 6 points
The trend is for global nonprofit organizations to _______ policies and operations.
· Question 18
6 out of 6 points
Researchers have found that performance-based contracts have increased the power of:
· Question 19
6 out of 6 points
In this process, all programs and departments start at zero at the beginning of each year’s budget process and need to justify their budgets from the ground up.
· Question 20
6 out of 6 points
The principal of how an asset’s value declines over time is called:
· Question 21
Two terms used to describe long-term and broad-based fundraising are:
· Question 22
6 out of 6 points
According to Carney and Ross, which country has achieved some of the largest mass participation fundraising events?
· Question 23
6 out of 6 points
Most business plans begin with a(an) that gives a thorough but succinct overview of the major points made in the following sections of the plan.
· Question 24
Explain the benefits to the nonprofit of a cause-marketing relationship.
· Question 25
Diagram a model for managing a global nongovernmental organization.
Question 1 The board of directors of a nonprofit organization are studying the political platforms of state legislators to identify politicians who may favor the nonprofit’s mission. The board is applying which best practice of program advocacy?
Question 2 The Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act, signed by President Obama in 2009, created:
Question 3 Who describes social entrepreneurs as “restless people seeking to deal with problems …”?
Question 4 A grant is an award of money that may be paid ______________.
Question 5 ties the nonprofit’s income directly to the number or amount of total sales made by the corporate partner and thus represents a true partnership in which the interests of both partners are aligned.
Question 6 Which law established Option I and Option II for the substantial part test?
Question 7 Most business plans begin with a(an) that gives a thorough but succinct overview of the major points made in the following sections of the plan.
Question 8 The National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities were created during the:
Question 9 A nonprofit CEO is comparing the amount of money her organization uses to raise funds and the cost of overhead. The CEO is using a(an) __________ to assess organizational performance.
Question 10 The Urban Institute recommends that government and nonprofit organizations collaborate to simplify the grant process by:
Question 11 may not endorse or oppose legislation in communications with legislators or the general public if the communication includes a call to action.
Question 12 The executive director of the Global Good Fund argues that reliance on earned income makes an organization:
Question 13 Researchers have found that performance-based contracts have increased the power of:
Question 14 Those who embrace the school believe that social entrepreneurs play a role in society similar to that of the business entrepreneur in the economy. In their view, the social entrepreneur is an innovator; a change agent; someone who identifies an opportunity, undertakes direct action to pursue it, and produces change that improves the condition of people and society.
Question 15 According to your textbook author, a common reason that nonprofits do not engage in lobbying is:
Question 16 A business-supply company made a gift to a location nonprofit organization of free office supplies for one year. This type of gift is referred to as:
Question 17 Approaching a legislator with is not only important to persuasion but may indeed be providing a real service to the legislator, whose time and staff may not be sufficient to undertake the depth of research that an interested nonprofit may offer.
Question 18 Notices of funding availability are published in the:
Question 19 Although research has indicated that nonprofits actually lobbying as government becomes a more predominant source of their revenue, concern about alienating government foundation funders is a barrier for some.
Question 20 Manny gave a nonprofit organization a $10,000 gift to be used to cover the implementation cost of a new program. This is an example of a(an):
Question 21 The process by which companies and organizations adhering to old ways decline and disappear, while new companies and industries grow to replace them, is called:
Question 22 Grant seeking is a more specific activity than:
Question 23 The French verb “entreprendre” means:
Question 24 Distinguish the differences between operating reserves, quasi endowment funds, and permanently restricted endowment funds.
Question 25 Explain the role that collaboration can play when writing a grant proposal and discuss the benefits of collaboration to the nonprofit.
· Question 1
6 out of 6 points
One fundamental principle of requires that duties of individuals be separated so that no one person handles an entire transaction from beginning to end.
· Question 2
6 out of 6 points
Assessing requires evaluating whether the organization is financially strong or in jeopardy and looking at the liabilities as well as the revenue and expenses shown on the statement of activities.
· Question 3
6 out of 6 points
In Japan there has been no historical tradition of:
· Question 4
How do nonprofit organizations measure their success?
· Question 5
6 out of 6 points
Critics of earned income do not always acknowledge that of nonprofit business ventures providing human and social services are “directly or closely related to their missions.”
· Question 6
6 out of 6 points
A centralized resource that provides access to over 1,000 federal grant programs is:
· Question 7
6 out of 6 points
Careful business plans will include a(an) that shows how projected results will vary if the assumptions are wrong by some percentage.
· Question 8
Economist Burton Weisbrod wrote in the Stanford Social Innovation Review that Congress should:
· Question 9
6 out of 6 points
The has greatly increased the ability of NGOs to reach potential donors on a global basis at minimal cost.
· Question 10
6 out of 6 points
The Lilly Family School of Philanthropy gave _______ to international programs and purposes in 2013.
· Question 11
6 out of 6 points
According to your textbook author, a common reason that nonprofits do not engage in lobbying is:
· Question 12
6 out of 6 points
A grant is an award of money that may be paid ______________.
· Question 13
6 out of 6 points
An important tool in planning and managing a campaign is the ,
which reflects the proportional giving necessary to achieve the campaign’s overall goal, starting with a lead gift that is at least 10 percent of the goal, and then doubling the number of gifts needed at each successively lower dollar level.
· Question 14
6 out of 6 points
Among the most powerful forces for change has been . It has driven international economic competition in a “flat” world, in which national borders prevent no barrier to entry into the mainstream of business life.
· Question 15
6 out of 6 points
These types of policies limit or place boundaries on the actions that may be taken under certain circumstances.
· Question 16
6 out of 6 points
The “scientific charity” movement emerged during the:
· Question 17
6out of 6 points
According to Thomas which three cultural characteristics are uniquely important to understand when managing cross-cultures?
· Question 18
Paul Light criticizes social entrepreneurships:
· Question 19
Witesman and Fernandez write that government officials:
· Question 20
6 out of 6 points
Although research has indicated that nonprofits actually lobbying as government becomes a more predominant source of their revenue, concern about alienating government foundation funders is a barrier for some.
· Question 21
6 out of 6 points
These are organizations that promote a cause or issue on a multinational basis.
· Question 22
6 out of 6 points
This is giving according to a plan that relates the corporation’s philanthropy to its overall strategic and business goals.
· Question 23
6 out of 6 points
Organizations that employ professional lobbyists and spend more than $12,500 on lobbying at the federal level must meet the requirements of:
· Question 24
Needs Grading
Explain Wei-Skillern, Augstin, Leonard, and Stevenson’s model of entrepreneurship.
· Question 25
Needs Grading
Compare and contrast statements of financial position, statements of activities, statements of cash flows, and statements of functional expenses.
Question 1 Variables that define eligibility for grant funding include which of the following?
Question 2 This type of organization has some programs in other countries, but it is governed within and maintains a focus on its home country.
Question 3 Often equivalent to 6 months or 1 year of the operating budget,____________________ are generally invested in very secure, shortterm instruments such as bank certificates of deposit or money market funds.
Question 4 To lobby effectively, a nonprofit organization needs to understand how __________________ is (are) considered at the local, state, or national levelwherever its lobbying efforts will be focused.
Question 5 Identifying individuals, foundations, and corporations who are prospects of giving is a task often performed by professionals engaged in
Question 6 Some INGOs grew by opening offices or branches in other countriesthat is, they ______________ while others are federations or alliances of nationally based nonprofits that have banded together to pursue a common mission or cause.
Question 7 In preparing to apply for a grant, some nonprofits ________________________
Question 8 With _____________________, funds given by donors specify that the principal be retained and be invested in perpetuity, and the board has limited or no flexibility in using these funds.
Question 9 In Crutchfield and Grant’s list of exemplary organizations, all have created committed _______________ on their behalf.
Question 10 A nonprofit organization may spend only one fourth as much on grassroots lobbying as on direct lobbying, and there is an overall cap of
Question 11 This type of organization is one that has activities throughout the world and that probably has a governance structure that places decision making in the hands of individuals from multiple countries.
Question 12 The _________________ shows how every category of expense is allocated by a nonprofit.
Question 13 Although it did not pass into law, the ______________________ would have restricted lobbying by nonprofits that receive federal funds, even with regard to their use of nonfederal funds.
Question 14 The goal of the _______________________ is to provide enough payout each year to meet the needs of current programs, while also allowing the value of the endowment principal to grow to keep pace with inflation and provide more income to sustain programs in future years.
Question 15 A grant is an award of money that may be paid ______________
Question 16 Smaller nonprofits advocating for themselves should ________________
Question 17 According to Figure 17.1, political change is an example of
Question 18 A(n) ________________________ is someone who creates value by improving efficiency and effectiveness in the use of society’s limited resources. This can also be described as someone who identifies an opportunity; creates a venture to pursue it; and ultimately upsets the status quo and makes previous products, services, and approaches obsolete
Question 19 The _________________ is a classic depiction of how individuals are believed to develop their giving relationship with an organization.
Question 20 In this stage of the life cycle of a social change issue, analysts and advocates look at the data and consider how the problem might be addressed.
Question 21 _______________________ includes any communication the organization has “with legislators or government officials who participate in the formulation of legislation or with its own members with regard to specific legislation and that expresses a view on it.”
Question 22 According to Dunlop, these are gifts that individual donors make to meet some nonrecurring need of the organization.
Question 23 Becoming primarily or exclusively a government contractor can lead to _______
Question 24 What impact did the Supreme Court’s decision in the case of Citizens United v. FEC have on nonprofits exempt under Section 501(c)(4), 501(c)(5), and 501(c)(6)?
Question 25 What types of obstacles do fundraising and philanthropy face in many nations?
Organized fund-raising and philanthropy on a massive scale is still primarily which country’s phenomenon?
What is the largest portion of giving by individuals directed to?
This is an activity undertaken with the goal of eliciting charitable or philanthropic giving.
This is the idea that companies make gifts that might not have a direct or immediate benefit to the bottom line, but that would generally help maintain a healthy society in which to do business.
This is giving according to a plan that relates the corporation’s philanthropy to its overall strategic and business goals.
These are required to expend a minimum of an amount equivalent to 5 percent of the value of their invested assets each year, either for grants or operating expenses.
These types of foundations support their own programs and generally do not make grants to other organizations.
the concept that states that individuals are driven by their nature to help others and improve the human condition.
the inclination to give based on the ability to make history and affect the conditions under which people live is identified by Schervish and Havens as...
Identifying individuals, foundations, and corporations who are prospects of giving is a task often performed by professionals engaged in....
This is income from payment for goods or services that the nonprofit has provided.
This term is defined by CWB as “revenue generated through profitable or self-sustaining enterprises to promote social change.”
Who supported renovation of the Statue of Liberty by offering to contribute a penny to the campaign each time a consumer used his or her credit card from this company.
This is a contract that permits a for-profit company to use the nonprofit’s name or logo on its products return for a royalty payment to the nonprofit.
Defines that the company pays for the use of its name or logo in connection with the nonprofit’s products or events.
Corporate sponsorships offer nonprofits the benefits of added revenue and (WHAT) through the company’s promotion of the relationship.
This is an arrangement under which the company contributes either a fixed amount for each sale of a product or a specified percentage of its sales of a product to the nonprofit, usually in connection with a short-term promotion.
This tied the nonprofit’s income directly to the number or amount of total sales made by the corporate partner and thus represents a true partnership in which the interests of both partners are aligned.
These are corporations that are engaged in cause marketing.
The nonprofit’s principal contribution to the partnership is its name, recognition, and reputation for which the corporation is willing to pay in order to enhance its own visibility, image, and sales. Such relationships are largely an exchange of....
This refers to the methods and systems by which financial transactions are recorded, either by hand or on a computer.
This encompasses the rules by which financial transactions are classified and reported.
This concept usually involves the analysis of various financial ratios that may provide indicators of trends and the organization’s financial health.
Often equivalent to 6 months or 1 year of the operating budget, (THESE) are generally invested in very secure, short-term instruments such as bank certificates of deposit or money market funds.
With (WHAT), funds given by donors specify that the principal be retained and be invested in perpetuity, and the board has limited or no flexibility in using these funds.
takes into account the money that a nonprofit has earned and is entitled to receive, as well as obligations for expenditures that it has not yet incurred
provides a snapshot of the organization at a point in time, usually the end of a fiscal year
can be compared to a video that shows the flow of revenues and expenses of an organization, and the resulting changes in net assets over a period of time, generally a fiscal year
shows how every category of expense is allocated by a nonprofit
the principal of how an asset’s value declines over time
been at the forefront of every important social change in the United States from the beginning of the nation
in this stage of the life cycle of social change issue, analysts and advocates look at the data and consider how the problem might be addressed
Although research has indicated that nonprofits actually _____________ lobbying as government becomes a more predominant source of their revenue, concern about alienating governement foundation funders is a barrier for some
this includes action taken in support of a cause or an idea, and it may include, for example, providing education, disturbing information, or holding events to dramatize an issue or the effects of a problem on people or a community
this is an action taken to support or oppose specific legislation at the national, state, or local level, and it could include, for example, contacting a member of Congress, a state legislator, or a city councilperson to request his or her sponsorship or vote in favor of or against a specific bill
includes any communication the organization has “with legislators or government officials who participate in formulation of legislation or with its own members with regard to specific legislation and that expressed a view on it”
if an organization takes out an ad in the newspaper or hands out flyers on the corner urging members of the general public to do the same
a nonprofit organization may spend only one fourth as much on grassroots lobbying as on direct lobbying, and there is an overall cap of ____________________?
this is what charitable nonprofits must report their lobbying expenses on
organizations that employ professional lobbyists and spend more than $24,500 on lobbying at the federal level must meet the requirements of this
the end of this war removed political barriers to economic interaction and to nonprofit organizations, which had often been viewed as threats by repressive governments
the establishment of these areas and organizations in the 1990s, including the World Trade Organization, the European Union, and the North American Free Trade Agreement, led to greater economic integration across national boundaries
among the most powerful forces for change
although the term has different meanings in different parts of the world, what we call a nonprofit in the United States is elsewhere most commonly know as this
in the international context, this is what some scholars refer to the collection of organizations that reside between government and the private sector
the best known NGOs; organizations who activities are not confined to a single country
Some INGOs grew by opening offices or branches in other countries- that is, they__________-while others are federations or alliances of nationally based nonprofits that have banded together to pursue a common mission or cause
this type of organization has some programs in other countries, but it is governed within and maintains a focus on its home country
this type of organization is one that has activities throughout the world and that probably has a governance structure that places decision making in the hands of individuals from multiple countries
According to the John Hopkins project research, the largest number of NGOs provide what?
the transmission or exchange of information
an organization should proceed with writing a government grant proposal when
this includes action taken in support of a cause or an idea, and it may include, for example, providing education, distributing information, or holding events to dramatize an issue or the effects of a problem on people or community
building a positive and consistent brand image requires that an organization integrate its marketing and communication efforts so that all communication from that organization represents the organization as a whole
describes the expectations that you have about what you will receive when you buy a specific product or service
in the health and human services sectors to be successful in fulfilling their mission, when is outreach most needed
this is giving according to a plan that relates the corporation’s philanthropy to its overall strategic and business goals
includes any communication the organization has “with legislators or government officials who participate in the formulation of legislation or with its own members with regard to specific legislation and that express a view on it”
The need to keep promotion cost-effective requires focusing communication on segments of the public most likely to respond—that is
An important tool in planning and managing a campaign is the , which reflects the proportional giving necessary to achieve the campaign’s overall goal, starting with a lead gift that is at least 10 percent of the goal, and then doubling the number of gifts needed at each successively lower dollar level
The need to keep promotion cost-effective requires focusing communication on segments of the public most likely to respond—that is, on ___________________
The most credible medium of communication is __________________
Identifying individuals, foundations, and corporations who are prospects of giving is a task often performed by professionals engaged in
According to Andreasen (2006), the following are stages in the life cycle of a social change issue
methods to measure an organization’s legal limit of lobbying activity
combine demographic data with knowledge about individuals’ lifestyles, defined by their activities, interests, and opinions.
The current realities of government funding favor ________________
The largest portion of giving by individuals is directed to , which accounts for about 35 percent of the total each year.
Outreach and marketing use similar methods to influence clients and potential clients to participate in or use the services of the nonprofit organization. Marketing is more CONSUMER & SALES driven. Outreach is more driven by ___________
is not only important to persuasion but may indeed be providing a real service to the legislator, whose time and staff may not be sufficient to undertake the depth of research that an interested nonprofit may offer.
managers of nonprofit organizations must measure their success
stewards of their organization or servants of society
one overarching force that has driven the nonprofit management revolution of recent decades has been
giving intended to meet current individual human needs or to alleviate current human suffering
intended to encourage charitable giving and sustain the services provided by charitable organizations
a nonprofit that qualifies under 501(c)(3) cannot support candidates for public office and must limit its expenditures on
Organizations that are exempt under Section 501 (c) (4), whose purpose is to work for social change are referred to by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as
These are organizations that exist for the sole purpose of directing money to other nonprofits.
self-governing
a guide to every action taken by the organization and is the principal standard against which its performance should be measured.
One significant risk of resource dependency is actions taken by the nonprofit to alter its goals and activities to satisfy the contributor of funds. This is also called_________________________.
The concept that maintains that organizations in the same field become more like each other as a result of facing similar influences from their environments is ___________________________.
When individuals do not have complete information or lack the ability to understand or judge the quality of the good they seek to purchase, there is ________________.
In some cases nonprofit organizations offer very similar services to for-profit competitors. One of the advantages that for-profits have is that they have:
member-serving and advocacy organizations
a leader is someone who behaves in certain ways that cause others to see him or her as a leader
In Carver’s policy governance model, he argues that the board should lead the organization by focusing its attention on establishing
a ceo exhibiting this can pose a serious challenge or even crisis for a nonporfit
a board member or officer of the organization cannot unreasonably benefit from the organization’s funds
self-serpetuaring board, new members are selected by
most common type of board in public organization
internal preparation for executive transition is shared responsibility between board and
mission statement should
effective CEOs stay focused on
leaders who use a political frame are
explains leadership in terms of the innate characteristics of individuals who are leaders
inspires your clients to dream of the fulfillment of the NPO’s mission
responsibility of the board
Very high ______________ may suggest that an organization is inefficient, or even participating in unethical or fraudulent behavior.
Which government entity grants nonprofits their charters?
Which assessment tool is meant to determine an organization’s success in accomplishing its mission, or program effectiveness?
This concept was developed as a way for businesses to obtain a balanced perspective on performance by combining financial data with other considerations.
This concept adds social return to financial return in order to generate a single dollar amount that could be used as an indicator of the organization’s performance and value.
One of Kearns’s three approaches to formulating strategy for an organization, this approach maintains that strategy evolves out of experience as the organization goes along, one decision at a time, buffeted by bargaining and the push-and-pull of its constituencies.
_______________________ define areas in which the organization needs to take action.
What are specific, quantified targets that represent steps toward accomplishing goals?
The detailed work of producing an operational plan generally needs to be done primarily by
This is a technique used by business firms to determine it their various programs, products, and services are in line with their strategies and goals.
Another name for the motivation factor that Herzberg named “hygiene factors” is
In planning for a volunteer program, nonprofits should assess the need for volunteers and develop volunteer
This theory, reflected in management practices in most organizations, is based on the assumption that workers are lazy, resistant to change, and not concerned with the organization’s needs.
With _____________________, funds given by donors specify that the principal be retained and be invested in perpetuity, and the board has limited or no flexibility in using these funds.
The _________________ shows how every category of expense is allocated by a nonprofit.
This term considers whether the organization had an operating surplus, broke even, or operated at a loss.
_________________________ involve(s) privacy, confidentiality, records retention, the separation of duties, data backup, and other such concerns.
This encompasses the rules by which financial transactions are classified and reported.
Accounting on a(n) ____________________ takes into account the money that a nonprofit has earned and is entitled to receive, as well as obligations for expenditures that it has not yet incurred
1. The end of removed political barriers to economic interaction and to nonprofit organizations, which had often been viewed as threats by repressive governments.
2. The establishment of areas and organizations in the 1990s, including the World Trade Organization (WTO), the European Union (EU), and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), led to greater economic integration across national boundaries.
3. Among the most powerful forces for change has been . It has driven international economic competition in a “flat” world, in which national borders prevent no barrier to entry into the mainstream of business life.
4. Although the term has different meanings in different parts of the world, what we call a nonprofit in the United States is elsewhere most commonly referred to as a:
5. There is no concept quite like the U.S. “nonprofit sector” in most parts of the world. In the international context, some scholars refer to the collection of organizations that reside between government and the private sector as the:
6. The best-known NGOs are the , whose activities are not confined to a single country.
7. Most American national nonprofits are:
8. This type of organization has some programs in other countries, but it is governed within and maintains a focus on its home country.
9. This type of organization is one that has activities throughout the world and that probably has a governance structure that places decision-making in the hands of individuals from multiple countries.
10. According to the Johns Hopkins project research, the largest numbers of NGOs provide:
11. These are organizations that promote a cause or issue on a multinational basis.
12. These are organizations whose primary purpose is to design and implement economic development projects.
13. These include specific targets for the reduction of poverty, disease, illiteracy, environmental degradation, and discrimination against women to be achieved by 2015.
14. Payments made by recent immigrants to the United States who send funds directly to their home countries to support either families or projects are called:
15. The largest U.S. foundation, , is primarily concerned with global health and global economic development.
16. Global fundraising requires a presence of:
17. In Japan there has been no historical tradition of:
18. The has greatly increased the ability of NGOs to reach potential donors on a global basis at minimal cost.
19. According to Thomas, what is the most uniquely important national and regional difference that NGO managers must accommodate?
20. Historically, many NGOs had centralized structures that were pushed out to chapters as they were established, but as growth extends into more geographically remote regions and diverse national and cultural settings, there is a trend toward for regional chapters or affiliates.
21. According to Koenig, the larger an organization’s international presence is, the more it should be in looking at options for its operations.
22. The Lilly Family School of Philanthropy gave _______ to international programs and purposes in 2013.
23. Some organizations headquartered abroad establish U.S.-based nonprofits called __________ in order to qualify to receive deductible gifts from U.S. citizens.
24. Until recently, China required fundraising organizations to:
25. In 2013, Russia passed:
26. GlobalGiving is a:
27. According to Carney and Ross, which country has achieved some of the largest mass participation fundraising events?
28. According to Thomas which three cultural characteristics are uniquely important to understand when managing cross-cultures?
29. The International Classification of Nonprofit Organizations global index was developed by:
30. The trend is for global nonprofit organizations to _______ policies and operations.
31. The U.S. nonprofit sector is the largest nonprofit sector in the world.
32. The term most used to define nonprofit organizations in other parts of the world is “nongovernmental organization” or NGO.
33. CARE International is an example of an international nongovernmental organization.
34. An international organization is governed within and maintains a focus on its home country.
35. A global organization may have a governance structure that places decision-making in the hands of multiple countries.
36. International philanthropy allows for many tax incentives for charitable giving.
37. A common obstacle to international fundraising includes the cultural differences regarding organized fundraising.
38. International governance models often include the provision of a representative from each region served by the organization.
39. One of the disadvantages to open elections in international governance is that it limits the size of the board.
40. One of the challenges with national structures on the international level is the relationship between national offices and chapters.
