HIEU 201 Quiz 13 The Renaissance solutions complete answers

HIEU 201 Quiz 13 The Renaissance solutions complete answers

 

The chivalric code that had expressed social values in the Middle Ages was changed in the Renaissance so that

          a. the society was no longer elitist or aristocratic, but rather egalitarian and democratic.         

          b. ambition and achievement, especially in politics, business, and art, were recognized as components of honor.  

          c. military virtues and honor were no longer important in one's life.     

          d. birth now counted more than wealth or landholding in defining a person's social status.

 

The republicanism of the city-states proved precarious for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

          a. there was no tradition of republicanism in the region and, therefore, its roots were never very deep. 

          b. the city-states had come to rely on mercenaries to fight their wars.  

          c. the natural disasters of the period from 1350 to 1450 encouraged the drift towards despotism.      

          d. conflict between nobles and merchants led one group, or both, to turn to one-man rule.

 

The city-states of northern Italy differed from most of Europe because in the Italian city-states

          a. no guilds or corporate institutions developed.         

          b. commercial activity flourished due to a monopoly of trade in Mediterranean areas.  

          c. the feudal nobility played a much more important role in government than elsewhere in Europe.    

          d. the feudal nobility refused to form alliances with urban elites.        

 

In relation to Italian humanists, Northern humanists

          a. were similarly concerned less with religion than with civic duty.       

          b. were similar in their devotion to ancient learning; however, they related it primarily to religious goals.          

          c. differed from the Italians in their rejection of ancient learning and their obsession with matters of religion.          

          d. differed from the Italians in their tendency to ignore literature and to focus instead on painting, sculpture, and architecture.

 

In the Oration on the Dignity of Man, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola suggested

          a. individuals lacked creative powers but could achieve nobility of spirit.         

          b. the mastery of nature was within the grip of man.   

          c. man lacks the freedom to shape his own life but is made dignified by God's choices 

          d. God alone possessed an understanding of nature.   

 

Which of the following wrote texts that challenged traditional views of female potential?

          a. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim  

          b. Christine de Pizan    

          c. Moderata Fonte      

          d. all of the above

 

Humanist support for the new princely ideal of peace and security was reflected in

          a. City of Kings. 

          b. The Book of the Courtier.     

          c. On Nobility and Excellence.   

          d. The Prince.

 

In contrast to Spanish humanism, English humanism

          a. was a product of the church hierarchy.        

          b. was used to reinforce mainstream views.     

          c. was put in the exclusive service of the state. 

          d. involved both religious and political figures.

 

Erasmus (c. 1466–1536) argued that

          a. God's will is revealed directly in the Bible.    

          b. religion depends on the power of the church         

          c. a revival of scholasticism would strengthen European intellectual life. 

          d. humanism was destroying Christianity.

 

A major reason why the Renaissance began in northern Italy was the

          a. desire of the papacy, which controlled this area, to encourage the arts as a means of glorifying God.          

          b. region's surplus of wealth, to support learning, culture, and the arts. 

         c. region's lack of a previous cultural tradition, which led inhabitants to seek to overcome this relative inferiority.          

          d. region's stable political situation, under the firm control and protection of the Holy Roman emperor.          

 

________ played the most important role in making humanism an international movement.

          a. Rabelais      

          b. Erasmus      

          c. Machiavelli   

          d. Francis I      

 

French thinker Michel de Montaigne (1533–1592)

          a. argued that one can know little or nothing with certainty.    

          b. was a systematic philosopher whose famous Essays indicated continuity with earlier humanist thought.          

          c. was an advocate of religious persecution and justified religious violence.     

          d. believed that a pious life was characterized by self-righteousness and adherence to established dogma.          

 

Upper-class women in Italian cities

          a. were pressed to remarry upon the deaths of their husbands. 

          b. enjoyed greater freedom in greater numbers than they had since the classical period.        

          c. typically married relatively late in life to much younger men. 

          d. possessed considerably less freedom than their medieval counterparts.

 

Venice was able to maintain republican government longer than other cities because

          a. it had a strong republican constitution.       

          b. elites largely withdrew from government.     

          c. it was too poor to attract the attention of mercenary leaders.         

          d. it gave a political voice to the entire population.     

 

The Peace of Lodi, concluded in 1454, involved all of the following EXCEPT

          a. the kingdom of Naples and Sicily.     

          b. France.       

          c. Florence.      

          d. the Papal States.

 

The invention of the printing press

          a. helped create widespread literacy in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.    

          b. was accompanied by aggressive censorship by political authorities.  

          c. had little impact on critical scholarship and science.  

          d. did not stimulate a profitable book-publishing industry until long after the period of the Renaissance.          

 

Machiavelli is often considered the founder of modern political thought, because he

          a. rejected God and Christianity and sought to ban them from a secular society.         

          b. emphasized the equality of all citizens.        

          c. tried to understand and explain statecraft independent of Christian morality. 

          d. drew upon the Roman tradition of cynicism as a basis for his political theory.         

 

The attitude of Renaissance humanists toward antiquity differed from the attitude of medieval scholars in that

          a. the humanists expended great effort to fit ancient learning into the framework of Christian belief.   

          b. medieval scholars had completely ignored or rejected the classics because of their pagan origins.   

          c. the humanists rejected Christianity and adopted the pagan views of the ancient Greeks and Romans.          

          d. humanists valued the classics for their own sake and as a guide to the good life.    

 

The Renaissance put forth the idea that

          a. knowledge and understanding can be gained only by the complete rejection of the past.    

          b. human beings are alone in an infinite universe, which operates according to natural laws, with no relationship to God.     

          c. one should be realistic about the way the world is and not waste foolish efforts on trying to improve it.          

          d. the individual is free to use inherent talent, will, and intelligence without having a destiny imposed by God.

 

Medieval Muslim civilization

          a. grew prosperous from a flourishing trade throughout the Mediterranean.    

          b. provided no sources to support the European Renaissance.  

          c. rejected the educational tradition of ancient Greek and Latin scholars.        

          d. experienced a decline similar to that of Christian Europe during the Early Middle Ages.