HIEU 201 Quiz 14 The Reformation solutions complete answers

HIEU 201 Quiz 14 The Reformation solutions complete answers

 

The German peasants' revolt of 1524–1526

          a. was attacked by Luther, who encouraged the nobility to crush the revolt mercilessly. 

          b. succeeded in earning the peasantry economic and religious advantages they did not possess before Luther's break with the church.  

          c. was a popular movement protesting the ideas of Luther.     

          d. was a minor movement confined to Saxony that involved several thousand peasants.         

 

Luther's propositions for reform of Christianity include the idea that

          a. there was no difference between the clergy and the laity in matters of faith. 

          b. each individual required the help of an expert to read the Bible.      

          c. there should be a clear division between the clergy and the laity.     

          d. there should be a universal church, just not one headed by the pope.

 

With respect to religiosity and women

          a. Protestantism offered women a way to express religious independence, but mysticism did not.       

          b. both mysticism and Protestantism allowed women a way to express independence in religious matters.          

          c. women were prohibited from expressing religious independence in both mysticism and Protestantism.          

          d. mysticism offered women a way to express religious independence, but Protestantism did not.

 

Catherine de' Medici

          a. was a champion of reconciliation between Catholics and Protestants.         

          b. was the power behind the French throne for much of the late sixteenth century.     

          c. converted to Protestantism in order to prevent civil war in France.   

          d. was the first wife of Henry VIII of England.

 

In Geneva, Calvin established a form of government that is best described as

          a. a theocracy: a society in which the lives of citizens were regulated by Calvinist elders.         

          b. a democracy: a society in which citizens determined the laws and religion of the city.         

          c. an oligarchy: a society ruled by a group of wealthy merchants.        

          d. a monarchy: a society ruled by Calvin and his descendants.  

 

Luther wrote all of the following EXCEPT

          a. Institutes of the Christian Religion.   

          b. The Freedom of a Christian Man.     

          c. Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation.      

          d. a German translation of the New Testament. 

 

The Council of Trent met to

          a. plan the further advance of the Reformation. 

          b. plan the strategy for a military campaign against Protestant England.         

          c. reform the Catholic Church and prepare it for the struggle with Protestantism.        

          d. reconcile Catholic and Protestant leaders.

 

The policies of the Catholic Church during the Counter-Reformation include all of the following EXCEPT

          a. persecution. 

          b. censorship.  

          c. a new emphasis on eradicating all sins, no matter how small.          

          d. enlightened education.

 

The millenarians believed that

          a. Christ's return was in the distant future.      

          b. Christianity would soon be superseded by a new religion.    

          c. they were living in a time of unparalleled peace and prosperity.       

          d. the world would come to an end in the near future.

 

Swiss reformer Ulrich Zwingli

          a. supported the doctrine of transubstantiation.         

          b. differed with Luther over the form and meaning of Communion.     

          c. believed good works were the key to salvation.       

          d. argued that mysticism provided the most important revelation of divine will and law.

 

First and foremost, Lutheranism was a

          a. nationalist movement.         

          b. popular evangelical movement.       

          c. social revolution.      

          d. political revolution.   

 

Nobles were motivated to support the Reformation because

          a. it provided an opportunity to increase their wealth through the confiscation of church lands.         

          b. it offered a means of resisting the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. 

          c. it gained them the support of their subjects, since they were acting as leaders of a popular and dynamic religious movement.    

          d. all of the above       

 

The doctrine of predestination is based on the premise that

          a. God acts in random, and sometimes unjust, ways.    

          b. the Reformation is predicted in the Bible.    

          c. good works are the only way to achieve salvation.   

          d. God is all-knowing, eternal, and all powerful. 

 

Luther's attack on indulgences was prompted primarily by

          a. his belief that indulgences were valid only if they were not sold for money.  

          b. his belief that salvation had nothing to do with good works. 

          c. the fact that they were a recent and radical innovation in the church.         

          d. the church's own condemnation of their sale.

 

During the reign of Henry VIII, the English Reformation

          a. brought little change to the beliefs and practices of ordinary Christians in England.  

          b. resulted primarily from the king's denying the validity of the sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church.          

          c. adopted the tradition of John Wycliffe, stressing the Bible and the personal relationship of the individual with God.        

          d. rejected most of Luther's ideas, but adopted Calvinism because of its stress on political obedience.

 

The Huguenots

          a. were the Calvinist minority in France. 

          b. were denied any form of toleration in the Edict of Nantes.   

          c. were influenced by the queen mother to carry out the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre.  

          d. were one of the foremost Catholic families in Europe.

 

Calvin's concept of predestination influenced his followers to

          a. exercise strict control over their own feelings and behavior and those of others.      

          b. eat, drink, and be merry because their fate was already determined and they could do nothing about it.          

          c. surrender to self-doubt and despair and live passively, withdrawn from society.       

          d. submit unquestioningly to political authority, even if it violated the laws of God.

 

The Reformation influenced the development of the modern world indirectly by

          a. advocating complete religious freedom for everyone.         

          b. discouraging the growth of capitalism, which was criticized as being too worldly and materialistic.   

          c. providing some justification for challenging the absolute authority of kings. 

          d. reducing the power of the state over the lives of ordinary people.   

 

The Jesuits were a

          a. militant Protestant group that wanted nothing less than the complete destruction of the Catholic Church.          

          b. new Catholic order, created to promote the faith and combat Protestantism. 

          c. Catholic organization that supported the work of priests and monks. 

          d. Protestant group whose members modeled their lives on that of Jesus.      

 

The beliefs of radical Protestants such as the Anabaptists

          a. were similar in most respects to those of Luther and Calvin on social and political issues.    

          b. were related to earlier folk beliefs that had existed before the Reformation began.   

          c. tended to appeal primarily to the wealthy and literate merchant class in the towns and cities of Europe.          

         d. stressed a quiet acceptance of existing institutions, except for the sacrament of baptism, which they rejected.