HIEU 201 Quiz 9 The Heirs of Rome solutions complete answers

HIEU 201 Quiz 9 The Heirs of Rome solutions complete answers

 

Muslims regard Mohammad as

          a. the final prophet.     

          b. the only prophet.    

          c. entirely divine, not human.   

          d. part human and part divine. 

 

The Byzantine emperor Justinian's most lasting achievement was the

          a. permanent addition of eastern Italy to the Byzantine Empire. 

          b. sound financial footing on which he placed the Byzantine government.       

          c. permanent addition of Spain to the Byzantine Empire.         

          d. collection and codification of Rome's ancient laws.

 

Which of the following contributed to tensions between the Eastern and Roman churches during the Middle Ages?

          a. the pope's claim to authority over all Christians       

          b. the use of holy images in worship   

          c. the power of the Byzantine emperor 

          d. all of the above       

 

In the eighth and ninth centuries, under the Abbasid caliphs, Muslim civilization

          a. reached the height of its political dominance of the Near East, but at the cost of intellectual stagnation and sterility.     

          b. creatively integrated Arabic, Byzantine, Persian, and Indian cultural traditions.         

          c. lost the vitality it had enjoyed under Mohammed's leadership and slipped into decline.       

          d. was beset by a series of long and bloody civil wars.

 

Christians and Jews who lived in Islamic lands

          a. had no rights at all.  

          b. had the same rights as Muslims.      

          c. were protected and tolerated but had fewer rights than Muslims.     

          d. had greater rights than Muslims.     

 

________ means both an internal striving by the individual for moral self-improvement and a collective military struggle to defend Islam against its enemies.

          a. Jihad 

          b. Hegira        

          c. Umma         

          d. Hadith        

 

The Franks became the dominant people in Western Europe, in part because

          a. they were the only Germanic peoples able to establish a kingdom within old Roman territories.      

          b. they enjoyed the consistently strong leadership of their Merovingian kings from [JLM1]500 to 750.  

          c. the conversion of Clovis to Roman Christianity gave them an advantage over Arian Christian Germans.          

          d. they were able to revitalize city life, trade, and the general economic prosperity of the West.         

 

Irish and English monasteries

          a. preserved learning, but played no role in converting the population of Europe to Christianity.         

          b. played an important role in attracting converts and a critical role in preserving classical learning.    

          c. collapsed for lack of financial support and had to be reestablished by missionaries from Italy.         

          d. were critical to attracting new converts, but neglected scholarship.  

 

Cassiodorus (c. 490-575) was

          a. a Roman administrator who sought to revive the Republic in the dying days of the Empire.  

          b. a bishop of Rome who burned some of the last remaining copies of Aristotle's philosophical works. 

          c. a scholar who established a monastic library containing Greek and Latin texts and advocated education for the clergy.       

          d. an Ostorgoth king who sought to blend Germanic and Roman legal principles.

Vassals pledged loyalty to lords and, in return for services, were granted a

          a. fief.   

          b. military title. 

          c. knighthood.  

          d. free city.

 

Feudalism provided some order and security in medieval society by

          a. establishing the absolute power of lords over their vassals with no responsibilities to them.  

          b. guaranteeing the freedom of individuals as defined in the revived code of Roman law.       

          c. establishing a reciprocal relationship between lords and vassals based on promises of obligation and protection.      

          d. doling out fiefs of land to peasants, who were then able to feed and protect themselves.    

 

The Carolingian Renaissance

          a. reversed the process of cultural decay, which had characterized much of the Early Middle Ages.      

          b. was more a rebirth of Christian than of Greco-Roman culture.        

          c. was a step back from the process of Christianization, which had been going on for centuries.         

          d. was comparable to the cultural achievements of the Greco-Roman past.     

 

The Five Pillars of Islamic faith include all of the following EXCEPT

          a. a Muslim must face the holy city of Mecca and pray at least five times a day.         

          b. Muslims are expected to make at least one pilgrimage to Mecca during their lifetimes.       

          c. Muslims must seek to convert nonbelievers to Islam. 

          d. Muslims have a duty to be generous to the poor.

 

During the eighth century, the Muslims' threat to Constantinople

          a. served as the grounds for the first of the Crusades.  

          b. was countered by the Byzantine usage of a new weapon, "Greek fire."        

          c. led to the temporary collapse of the Byzantine Empire.       

          d. resulted in the Latin domination of the city.

 

Byzantine emperors were

          a. secular leaders, with no ecclesiastical authority.       

          b. figureheads, with no real power.      

          c. absolute rulers who held that they had been appointed by God.      

          d. elected by a college of bishops.      

 

According to the widely held views in the Middle Ages, women

          a. had full political rights, except to bear arms in battle.         

          b. were the spiritual equals of men, but were socially and politically dominated by men.         

          c. were protected from wife beating by both secular and church law.   

          d. were evil temptresses, following in the model of the biblical Eve.

 

The creation of an empire by Charlemagne

          a. was opposed by the church, which saw it as a threat to Christian and, more specifically, papal interests.          

          b. resulted in a highly centralized and efficient system of government like that of ancient Rome.        

          c. united all the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea under one ruler again for the first time in centuries.          

          d. embodied the ideal of a universal Christian state and was recognized by the pope's crowning of Charlemagne as emperor.       

 

Pope Gregory I

          a. was wary of linking the papacy to secular leaders.    

          b. rejected intellectualism as a danger to the church.   

          c. did little to enhance the finances of the papacy.      

          d. tightened the bonds between the monks and the papacy.    

 

During the Early Middle Ages, Byzantine civilization was

          a. less centralized than the Latin West. 

          b. economically and culturally more advanced than the Latin West.     

          c. less stable than the Latin West.       

          d. more secular than the Latin West.    

 

Medieval serfs

          a. had the benefit of using their lord's mill, bake-oven, and winepress free of charge.   

          b. were free to leave their manor in search of alternate employment.   

          c. owed their lord labor services.        

          d. possessed no customary rights to cottages and farmland.