HIUS 221 Week 8 Mindtap Assignments solutions complete answers

HIUS 221 Week 8 Mindtap Assignments solutions complete answers 

 

Quiz The Battlefront, 1861-1862

Which event directly precipitated South Carolina’s secession from the Union in December 1860?

The election of Jefferson Davis

The election of Abraham Lincoln

Northern aggression against Confederate troops stationed at Fort Sumter

 

Which geographic region served as the capital of the Confederate States of America?

Washington D.C.

Fort Sumter, South Carolina

Richmond, Virginia

 

Which description of the opening shots of the Civil War is accurate?

The North fired upon Confederate troops after they raised their flag at Fort Sumter, South Carolina.

The South fired upon a Union garrison at Fort Sumter, South Carolina.

The North fired upon a Confederate garrison at Fort Sumter, South Carolina.

 

 

Imagine that you are General Irvin McDowell, commander of the Union forces stationed near Washington, D.C., in 1861. You are briefing President Lincoln and his cabinet about your plans for a military campaign at Bull Run, which will become one of the first major battles of the Civil War.

Based on the narrated map, select the correct response from each dropdown to complete the dialogue.

PRESIDENT LINCOLN: General, as you know, our primary goal at this early stage of the war is to capture. I hear that you have a plan to help us accomplish this.

MCDOWELL: The Confederates are trying to defend a critical rail junction at. I’m planning an offensive campaign to capture this junction, drive them deeper into Virginia, and send them away from Washington.

PRESIDENT LINCOLN: Presumably, this area will be well defended. Do you think we are strong enough to mount an offensive?

MCDOWELL: We are in a good position. We have roughly more troops in the area than they do.

 

 

General Winfield Scott presented the Anaconda Plan to President Lincoln in the spring of 1861. Scott’s proposed strategy marked the first Union attempt to suppress the rebellion of the Confederate states.

Based on the narrated map, which of the following statements accurately describes the Union’s Anaconda Plan? Check all that apply.

It was a battle plan designed to start inland and drive the Confederate army to the coast, where Union ships were waiting.

By the end of 1861, the Union had completed its blockade of the southern coastline.

It was a naval maneuver designed to hurt the South economically by restricting access to its ports.

The Confederacy initially enjoyed a strong naval advantage but lost most of its ships during the first year of fighting.

President Davis authorized Confederate sailors to capture Union ships.

 

 

During the early months of the war, the Union suffered a series of military defeats in the eastern theater. By early 1862, however, the Union began to achieve important victories in the western theater. When examining the past, evaluating the order of events is important for understanding the events themselves and their relationship to other events, which helps establish historical context.

Based on the narrated map, complete the following timeline by selecting the correct response from each dropdown menu.

January 1862

Grant’s forces gather in southern Kentucky and plan to launch an offensive.

February 6, 1862

February 16, 1862

February 25, 1862

April 6, 1862

April 7, 1862

 

 

From the beginning of the war, part of the Union strategy included gaining control of the Mississippi River—a key waterway flowing north to south across the western United States. Imagine you are reading a newspaper editorial in Boston in June of 1862 but are having difficulty making out some of the words due to smudged ink.

Based on the narrated map, select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the article.

Our Union Boys Battle for the Mississippi River

The mighty Mississippi has long been thought to be one of the key waterways, not just of the country, but of this war. The battle to control it has been waged on many fronts but really picked up steam this past April when Captain Farragut’s fleet of ships took control of and put the Confederate traitors on the run. As Farragut made his way upriver, winning battle after glorious battle, Captain Charles Davis came down from the north.

In spite of this, full control of the river still eludes us. A well-placed source tells me that these two men are planning on next month at Vicksburg. If successful, such a move could bring about a hasty end to the war. After all, having full control of the Mississippi would . One can only hope and pray that these men are up to the task.

 

 

After the military failure at Bull Run in 1861, Lincoln placed George B. McClellan in charge of the Union forces in the east. The Union strategy in the east continued to focus on capturing the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. Imagine that you are Edwin M. Stanton, the U.S. Secretary of War in 1862. You are meeting with President Lincoln to discuss the failure of McClellan’s Peninsula Campaign.

Based on the narrated map, select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the dialogue.

STANTON: Well, it looks like General McClellan was unable to and is retreating from Confederate forces. For a while there, it looked like it might work.

PRESIDENT LINCOLN: Everything seemed to change once the rebels installed as the commander of their Virginia forces. Tell me, what do you think we did right and did wrong?

STANTON: It was a good tactical plan. McClellan had his army stationed in a prime spot, and using the as a supply route was inspired thinking. As for mistakes, it might have been the wrong decision to hold back so many troops and keep them stationed in Washington, D.C. I know that the rebels had amassed forces, but a larger force might have allowed McClellan to succeed.

 

 

The early battles of the American Civil War took place mainly in Virginia and in the West. Based on your examination of the five narrated maps covering the major battles of 1861–1862, answer the questions about the course of the war.

Read each description and determine which battle or battles it describes. Check all that apply.

Description
Battle of Bull Run
Battle of Shiloh
Seige of New Orleans
Confederate victory
 
 
 
 
Union stronger at outset
 
 
 
 
Union victory
 
 
 
 
 

Description
Battle of Bull Run
Battle of Shiloh
Grant in Tennessee
Resulted in the capture of a state capital
 
 
 
 
Union victory
 
 
 
 
Specific to the western theater
 
 
 
 
 

Description
Battle of Bull Run
Battles along the Mississippi River
Peninsula Campaign
Involved naval forces
 
 
 
 
Confederates prevented the capture of their capital
 
 
 
 
Union victories divided Confederate forces
 
 
 
 
 

Quiz The War on the Home Front

Select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the newspaper account.

Union Army Wins at Milliken’s Bend!

Last week, two Union regiments made up of soldiers captured a Confederate installation at the battle of Milliken’s Bend in Louisiana. Their generals roundly their bravery, loyalty, and gallantry. Black soldiers are becoming increasingly valuable to the Union. It gives our armies an edge, as the Southerners arm the blacks in their country. In fact, many of them flee here and join our ranks; the soldiers call these men “contraband.” The Southerners say they will former slaves captured in combat, so these men have extra incentive to win.

However much they are praised, though, black soldiers. This newspaper wonders whether Frederick Douglass’s sentiments aren’t true, that these men will truly have won the right to be equal citizens of these United States.

 

Select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the newspaper account.

Riots Break Out in New York!

Riots broke out all across New York City four days ago in opposition to the implementation of the military draft to increase the manpower in the Union army. Mobs are assaulting draft officials, , homes, and others. have also been targeted, particularly by immigrants who resent the war and potential competition for cheap labor.

Ultimately, the government put down the riot but had to bring into the city to restore order. Though the draft will continue, men who have no choice but to have now been exempted from the draft.

 

Select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the newspaper account.

Bread Riot Breaks Out in Richmond!

Riots broke out in Richmond today as raided merchants’ stores. They were reacting against the shortages of essential goods throughout the Confederacy. For example, instead of growing food, many farmers now grow, hoping for profit. However, they can’t make much profit when the government forces them to sell it for.

Such resentments are building all across the Confederacy. The unrest because of food shortages in Richmond exists alongside a broader resentment against . The poor don’t like how the rich avoid taxes and. Hopefully this malaise will not spread to the army and our boys can hold out until the Yanks give up.

 

 

Which of the following was a limitation faced by medical doctors in the field of battle when treating the sick and wounded?

Many doctors had limited medical training prior to entering the field of battle.

Doctors gained experience in the field only in treating injuries to the head and torso, not those to the limbs.

Extensive stays at military hospitals limited the amount of attention doctors could provide sick and wounded soldiers.

 

Which statement best describes the state of medicine in the context of the Civil War?

Medical doctors had extensive training before entering the field of battle.

The field of medicine had advanced significantly prior to the war, enabling extensive care of the sick and wounded.

The field of medicine was still primitive in style, both in terms of treating injuries and disease and of understanding the spread of infections.

 

Which of the following statements best illustrates that Civil War medicine struggled to meet the needs of the wounded and sick?

Doctors did not use anesthesia when performing surgeries on the wounded.

Doctors performed amputations of limbs at a slow pace because of their surgical inexperience.

Doctors had yet to understand the link between contaminated medical tools and the spread of infections.

 

Quiz Point-Counterpoint: Social Lens

Identify each statement about the Taylor source as either true or false.

Statement
True
False
Thanks to Taylor’s relatively unique reading and writing skills, this source provides an excellent glimpse into Georgia in the early 1860s from the perspective of an African American woman.
 
 
 
Taylor states that whites provided her with educational opportunities, which is valuable evidence of the interaction between some whites and the African Americans living in Georgia during the mid-nineteenth century.
 
 
 
Because Taylor befriended a white girl at an early age, this source is likely intended to function as evidence of the white perspective on race relations during the 1860s.
 
 
 
 

Statement
True
False
Taylor’s account of her firsthand experiences provide excellent evidence of the white perspective on race relations during the 1860s.
 
 
 
The goal of this passage reflects Taylor’s intent to inspire all African Americans to learn to read and write in the early twentieth century.
 
 
 
Taylor’s vivid firsthand description of writing curfew passes for African Americans in Savannah is an excellent account of the African American experience at the onset of the Civil War.
 
 
 
 

Statement
True
False
Because she could read and write, Taylor’s direct experience with her white neighbor offers valuable insight into life in a convent.
 
 
 
Taylor’s description of her early childhood education offers valuable evidence regarding the interaction between some whites and the African Americans living in Georgia during the mid-nineteenth century.
 
 
 
Taylor’s description of the enforcement of Savannah's evening curfew is a valuable account of the African American experience during the period before the Civil War.
 
 
 
 

What did Taylor and her schoolmates do to be certain their educational endeavors remained secret?

They hid among the laurel leaves out of the sight of the neighbors.

They hid their books when entering and exiting the schoolhouse.

They learned the customary trades accessible to children of their backgrounds.

 

What does Taylor suggest the white neighbors surrounding the school she and her brother attended likely believed the African American children to be doing?

Learning trades

Learning to read and write

Receiving religious instruction

 

Who taught Taylor to read and write?

Mrs. Mary Beasley

The widow Mrs. Woodhouse and her daughter Mary Jane

Her white friend, Katie O’Connor

 

According to Taylor, others took advantage of her writing skills by asking her to draft passes that allowed them to be out past curfew in place for African Americans in Savannah.

True

False

 

According to Taylor, African Americans in her community who were arrested for violating curfew in Savannah used her social standing and asked her to act as their legal counsel.

True

False

 

According to Taylor, all African Americans in Savannah, whether free or enslaved, were required to have a pass in order to be out for the maximum of 90 minutes past 9:00 PM.

True

False

 

Which of Taylor's talents did Captain Whitmore particularly appreciate, contributing to her ability to serve in the camp? Check all that apply.

Reading and writing

Preaching

Singing

Sewing

 

Which of the following phrases does Taylor claim were posted by Southern whites as warnings to encroaching Northerners? Check all that apply.

I am a wild-cat! Beware

I am a rattlesnake; if you touch me I will strike!

We’ll make Yankees pull carts around in place of horses

Yes, we all shall be free, When the Lord shall appear

 

Which references did African American churchgoers use interchangeably while singing hymns to avoid detection by local police while planning their freedom from slavery? Check all that apply.

Horses

The Lord

Watchmen

Yankees

 

 

Identify each statement about the Chesnut source as either true or false.

Statement
True
False
Chesnut’s focus on the advances made by the North can be used to reveal the intent of the Union army at the time.
 
 
 
Chesnut’s description of discussions between Southern women about the work of Stowe can be used to illustrate the interaction between popular literature and nineteenth century attitudes.
 
 
 
Chesnut’s perspective on slavery reflects a moral concern for the women mentioned, offering insight into the complexity of the institution.
 
 
 
 

Statement
True
False
Chesnut’s diary entry reveals aspects of the social attitude of Southern women during wartime.
 
 
 
Chesnut’s recollections of her friends' discussions of Stowe’s protagonist Mr. Legree offer insight into the intersection between nineteenth century art and social attitudes.
 
 
 
Chesnut’s recollections of the movements of the Union army provide evidence of the Union generals's perspective on slavery.
 
 
 
 

Statement
True
False
Chesnut’s moral issues with slavery inform her perspective on the specific lamentable elements of African American enslavement.
 
 
 
The dialogue recounted by Chesnut offers valuable evidence of African American attitudes toward religion.
 
 
 
Chesnut’s memories of discussions between herself and her friends regarding popular fiction reveal valuable information about the relationship between nineteenth century literature and social thought.
 
 
 
 

Based on the anecdote provided by Chesnut, which service did the hostess to the "Jury of Matrons" provide in addition to furnishing socks to soldiers?

Mrs. Greenhow supplied crucial information to federal troops, which resulted in the defeat of Beauregard at Manassas.

Mrs. Greenhow furnished shirts to soldiers, as she determined they possessed far too many socks.

Mrs. Greenhow supplied crucial information regarding the "enemy’s plans" that resulted in a victory over federal troops at Manassas.

 

Which passage provides the clearest indication that Chesnut and her partners in conversation were white Southern women?

"He holds his head as high and poses as the model of all human virtues to these poor women."

"You say there are no more fallen women on a plantation than in London, in proportion to numbers."

"Today our assemblage of women, Confederate, talked pretty freely."

 

According to Chesnut, whose loss did Mrs. Greenhow precipitate at Manassas?

Beauregard’s Confederate troops

Mrs. Greenhow played no role in a military loss for either side.

Federal troops from the North

 

Select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the sentence.

After flatly stating that she hates, Chesnut recalls the initiation of a conversation in which she criticizes the ill-treatment of by bad-mannered men.

 

During the course of her conversation, Chesnut asks a participant to consider the negative effects of the on "Southern men" caused by the temptation and availability of. The participant replies that this cannot be true as "Southern men" could not be ruined by something present in such abundance.

 

Select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the sentences.

During the course of her conversation, Chesnut suggests that are corrupted by the slave system. Another participant in the dialogue, revealing two perspectives on the social effects of slavery.

 

 

Indicate whether each of the following statements applies to the Taylor source, the Chesnut source, or both.

Statement
Taylor
Chesnut
Both
This piece contributes to our understanding of the delicate social space shared by whites and African Americans.
 
 
 
 
This source provides the opinion of some white women on the effect of slavery on white families.
 
 
 
 
This source offers insight into African American expectations for freedom.
 
 
 
 
This author provides details about the Civil War from the perspective of a civilian.
 
 
 
 
 

Statement
Taylor
Chesnut
Both
This source addresses the African American perspective on the armies of the North.
 
 
 
 
This source explores the contributions of white Southern women to Confederate soldiers.
 
 
 
 
This source explores aspects of the effects of the Civil War on the civilian population.
 
 
 
 
This author reveals evidence about the social interactions between whites and African Americans during the mid-nineteenth century.
 
 
 
 
 

Statement
Taylor
Chesnut
Both
This passage offers insight into the social and familial interactions of whites and African Americans.
 
 
 
 
This source explores the contributions of white women to the education of African American children.
 
 
 
 
This source reveals details about the effect of the Civil War on the home front.
 
 
 
 
This source addresses attitudes regarding the consumption of alcohol and its effect on the family.
 
 
 
 
 

Given the content of these sources, which of the following statements best describes their potential value?

They provide excellent evidence for the thoughts and perspectives of white and African American women in the South during the Civil War.

They reveal critical information regarding the economic impact of slavery on free African Americans.

They should be held as the central evidence used to discuss military strategy during the war.

 

Given the origin of these sources, which of the following statements best describes their uniqueness?

They should be held as the central evidence used to discuss the economic impact of slavery on African Americans.

They provide critical information regarding the military maneuvers of the North and South.

They reveal the thoughts and perspectives of two disparate women during the mid-nineteenth century.

 

Given the details provided in these sources, which of the following areas of historical study would be best served by their content?

The economic history of slavery in the North during the mid-nineteenth century

The history of election politics during the Civil War

The social history of women during the mid-nineteenth century

 

Quiz Point-Counterpoint: Economic Lens

Identify each statement about the Sherman source as either true or false.

Statement
True
False
General Sherman’s account of the effects of the Union army’s foraging efforts should suffice to complete an assessment of the Confederate perspective on the economic consequences of the war.
 
 
 
Given Sherman’s rank as general, his recollection of the logistics of the foraging expeditions provides compelling evidence of their tactical intent.
 
 
 
Sherman’s firsthand knowledge of the organizational structure of the foraging companies offers valuable insight into this Union strategy.
 
 
 
 

Statement
True
False
As an autobiographical text depicting the military advantages derived from the Union foraging efforts, this passage appears to provide a rationale for Sherman’s actions.
 
 
 
Because of Sherman’s stature as a Union general in command of those troops who participated in the foraging missions, his account of their coordination provides valuable insight into their military efficacy.
 
 
 
Sherman’s recollection of the economic consequences of the Union army’s foraging efforts provides sufficient evidence to complete an assessment of the Confederate perspective on the economic consequences of the campaigns.
 
 
 
 

Statement
True
False
Because Sherman professes no knowledge of rapes or murders perpetrated by Union troops sent out to forage, it is reasonable to assume that none occurred.
 
 
 
Sherman’s admission that the Union army’s success depended on the practice of foraging provides sufficient evidence to complete an assessment of the Confederate perspective on the economic consequences of the general’s tactical maneuvers.
 
 
 
Sherman’s personal connection to the organizational structure of the companies of foragers offers valuable information on the march to the sea from the Union perspective.
 
 



 

Which of these items does Sherman state that foraging expeditions procured from the plantations and farms they visited? Check all that apply.

Chickens

Jewelry

Slaves

Trains

Wagons

Bacon

 

Which acts does Sherman admit that ”bummers” perpetrated against the people of the plantations and farms they visited? Check all that apply.

Violence

Robbery

Rape

Pillage

Jewel theft

Murder

 

Which classifications of people does Sherman indicate played a role in the Union army’s foraging expeditions? Check all that apply.

Groups of about fifty men

Magistrates

Commissioned officers

"Bummers"

Civil authorities

Brigade commanders

 

What rationale does Sherman provide as to the necessity of the foraging expeditions?

The acts of plunder committed by "bummers" proved too lucrative for Sherman’s command to them to cease.

Brigade commanders and two commissioned officers would not respond to requisitions, so troops took matters into their own hands.

Due to sparse settlement in the region, magistrates and civil authorities could not respond to requisitions.

 

How does Sherman describe the effectiveness of the foraging expeditions?

He credits them with effectively opening a dialogue with southern officials to procure supplies.

He credits them with fueling the success of the march.

He questions their necessity but concedes that they boosted morale among troops.

 

That no army could carry the amount of food and supplies necessary to sustain them for three hundred miles

That the precedent set by warring parties in Europe proved just as successful in the South

That magistrates and civil authorities denied his troops’ requisitions

 

 

Identify each statement about the Livermore source as either true or false.

Statement
True
False
Livermore’s specific references to battles, locations, and other participants in the narrative provide valuable information upon which to open new lines of historical inquiry.
 
 
 
Given the powerful story of Mother Bickerdyke’s life and work, Livermore’s recollections provide sufficient evidence to tell the complete story of the Sanitary Commission.
 
 
 
Livermore’s position at the Sanitary Commission placed in her direct contact with Mother Bickerdyke, enabling a close working relationship, upon which these recollections can be given greater weight.
 
 
 
 

Statement
True
False
As a colleague and confidant of Mother Bickerdyke, Livermore provides crucial insight into the emergence of sanitary practices during the war.
 
 
 
Livermore’s rich allusions to battles, locations, and other participants in the narrative enable further exploration of the historical period examined.
 
 
 
Livermore’s recollections of Mother Bickerdyke’s selfless character provides ample evidence with which to form a complete assessment of the Sanitary Commission.
 
 
 
 

Statement
True
False
Livermore’s description of relief and supply shortages makes clear her intent to point out the deficiencies of the Confederate navy.
 
 
 
Livermore’s attention to details concerning battles, locations, and other participants in the narrative afford historians an opportunity to further explore the events surrounding Mother Bickerdyke’s experience.
 
 
 
Because Livermore and Mother Bickerdyke maintained an economic relationship via the Sanitary Commission, Livermore’s recollections can be treated with a higher degree of confidence.
 
 
 
 

According to Livermore, what circumstances required Mother Bickerdyke to forage for supplies when unavailable by other means? Check all that apply.

An uncooperative Sanitary Commission

Hunger and lack of nourishment

Unfriendly contrabands

Military negligence regarding sanitary concerns

Lack of provisions available ahead of time

Unforeseen emergencies

 

According to Livermore, what supplies did Mother Bickerdyke typically procure on one of her frequent foraging expeditions? Check all that apply.

Eggs

Fowls

Milk

Surgical instruments

Butter

Medicine

 

According to Livermore, what types of supplies did the Sanitary Commission provide to Mother Bickerdyke in the wake of a battle such as Shiloh? Check all that apply.

Surgical instruments

Clothing

Religious items

Medicine

Musical instruments

Food

 

Which phrase encapsulates Livermore’s description of Mother Bickerdyke’s attributes?

Her capacity for preparation and organization in dealing with mass casualties

Her rejection of the northern war effort because she did not believe in the cause

Her disregard toward the efforts of organized agencies such as the Sanitary Commission

 

Her ability to care for "her boys" at the expense of the “other boys”

Her disregard toward the efforts of organized agencies such as the Sanitary Commission

Her resourcefulness, patriotism, and “common sense”

 

Which phrase reflects Livermore’s description of Mother Bickerdyke’s character?

Her dedication to the helpless, sick, and wounded

Her indifference to the neglect of others

Her rejection of the efforts of organized agencies such as the Sanitary Commission

 

 

Indicate whether each of the following statements applies to the Sherman source, the Livermore source, or both.

Statement
Sherman
Livermore
Both
This source describes the act of foraging to secure needed supplies.
 
 
 
 
This document recounts the deeds of a specific colleague engaged in the same pursuit.
 
 
 
 
The author of this document directly participated in the war effort.
 
 
 
 
The author of this source explicitly cites illegal acts.
 
 
 
 
 

Statement
Sherman
Livermore
Both
This document acknowledges that illegal conduct occurred outside the bounds of legitimate war efforts.
 
 
 
 
The author discusses foraging as a necessary strategy for survival.
 
 
 
 
This source describes in detail the actions of another engaged in similar efforts.
 
 
 
 
This document contains insight into the war effort from the perspective of a direct participant.
 
 
 
 
 

Statement
Sherman
Livermore
Both
The author describes some instances of illicit conduct taking place alongside legitimated actions.
 
 
 
 
This document chiefly describes the actions and deeds of a close colleague involved in the same line of work.
 
 
 
 
Foraging is highlighted in this document as a critical component of the success of the war effort.
 
 
 
 
This source describes the recollections of a direct participant in the Civil War.
 
 
 
 
 

Given the focus of these sources, which of the following statements best describes their value as evidence for an argument concerning the impact of the war?

They each provide detailed information about the political fallout from the war.

They each provide detailed information about the life of General Sherman during the war.

They each provide detailed information about the economic effects of the war.

 

Given the content of these sources, which of the following statements best describes their potential value?

They provide excellent evidence for the economic circumstances facing some members of the population during the Civil War.

They provide excellent evidence for the nation’s political circumstances immediately following the Civil War.

They provide detailed information about the activities of General Sherman during the war.

 

Given the origin of these sources, which of the following statements best describes their unique qualities?

They provide crucial details about the eventual outcome of the war.

They are both written by people who directly participated in the nursing effort.

They reveal the thoughts and perspectives of two direct participants in the Civil War.

 

Quiz The Battlefront 1862-1865

Which of the following accounted for twice as many soldier deaths as combat?

The Confederate prison camp at Andersonville, Georgia

Official executions as punishment for war crimes

Numerous diseases caused by harsh conditions

 

Which of the following advances in technology contributed to high casualty rates during the war?

Advanced torture tactics at the Confederate prison camp at Andersonville, Georgia

The rifle and Minié ball bullet

Doctors’ attention to sterilization and sanitation practices

 

Which of the following proved a formidable fighting force for the Union army during the war?

Women

Native Americans

African Americans

 

 

Imagine you have found a page from the diary of Confederate General Robert E. Lee written in early May 1863. In this entry, Lee reflects on key battles that occurred over the previous nine months. Because of the age of the letter, the ink is faint in spots.

Based on the narrated battle map, select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete General Lee’s letter.

May 5, 1863

Dear Diary,

Today my troops repelled the Union’s advances on yet again, but oh, what a price we paid. I believe we lost the same number of men as at on September 17, 1862—the single bloodiest day of the war. The last few days have, indeed, been trying, but I am confident that the South will emerge victorious in this terrible struggle. I am heartened by the efforts of General and his troops, who successfully defeated Union forces on the western flank of General Hooker’s dual-flanked attack near. I am exhausted; I must get some rest before another day dawns.

 

 

Imagine that you’re a Union soldier incarcerated at Libby Prison in Richmond, Virginia. For several days, you’ve heard only rumors of the outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg, which took place July 1–3, 1863, in southern Pennsylvania. Then, on July 8, you and your fellow prisoners finally receive an accurate account from a reliable informant.

Based on the narrated battle map, select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the dialogue.

YOU: Although I am sorry you ended up in here, friend, might I ask if you bring news of the Battle of Gettysburg? We have received reports from only Southern sources and cannot be sure they are accurate.

INFORMANT: I can tell you everything about it because I was there, but I will spare you the suspense and tell you that army emerged victorious. Although General Lee’s troops enjoyed an early advantage, General Meade’s forces routed Lee’s men after securing the coveted high ground on July 1.

YOU: But the battle lasted three days, did it not?

INFORMANT: Indeed, it did, and what a bloody three days! More than 51, 000 men perished. During two more days of ill-fated attempts to advance on the ridges and hills held by Meade’s men, the lost about a third of their entire force! I think it is fair to say that General tactics failed miserably.

 

 

Imagine it is July 5, 1863, and you’re standing among a large crowd in the town square of Vicksburg, Mississippi, listening intently to the reading of the local morning paper. Because of the nature of the news, there are a number of gasps, moans, and groans emanating from the audience, making it difficult to hear every word being read.

Based on the narrated battle map, select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the paragraph.

Citizens of Vicksburg, it is my sad duty to inform you that our city fell into the hands of the Union army yesterday. Though our soldiers fought bravely to thwart them, it seems that Generals Grant and Sherman finally succeeded in their efforts by invading from the. They accomplished their victory in this manner: General Grant moved his men by, while General Sherman created a diversion to allow Grant’s men to get within striking distance of Vicksburg. Nearly 8,000 Confederate soldiers gave their lives in four battles before our city finally surrendered to Grant. Now that Vicksburg has fallen, the Union has succeeded in dividing the Confederacy by cutting off access to.

 

 

Imagine that you’re working on President Lincoln’s reelection campaign in March 1864. Because your desk is situated near the president’s office, you are able to overhear part of a conversation that Lincoln is having with General Ulysses S. Grant.

Based on the narrated map, select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the dialogue.

PRESIDENT LINCOLN: General, thank you very much for stopping by to see me. Before I get to the matter at hand, let me tell you again how pleased I am with the outcome of your recent campaigns. Why, even the Confederates were impressed with your army’s tough fighting at Missionary Ridge, which led to the fall of last November!

GENERAL GRANT: Thank you, Mr. President. I, too, am pleased with the way things are going, but I fear there is still much fighting to be done. Would you like a cigar?

PRESIDENT LINCOLN: No, thank you. General, I summoned you here today to let you know that I am putting you in charge of all the Northern forces. As you know, I face a tough bid for reelection, and I should be better equipped to win if I. With you in charge of the whole Union army, we’ll be able to attack the South on every front simultaneously.

GENERAL GRANT: I accept your charge, Mr. President, and agree with your thought process. I have it on good authority that the Confederacy hopes to make you look bad in the eyes of Northerners by inflicting heavy damages on the Union army. They believe this tactic will result in Northern voters . I will not, however, let that happen on my watch.

 

 

Imagine that you are a telegraph operator for the Union army, and General William T. Sherman has given you the task of transmitting a personal message to President Lincoln. As you transcribe Sherman’s message, you encounter several words that are unclear because the ink from his pen smeared.

Based on the narrated battle map, select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the message.

December 21, 1864

Dear President Lincoln,

I beg to present to you, as a Christmas gift, the city of. We continue to make excellent progress here in Georgia. I am still thrilled that we took Atlanta back in September, though perhaps not as thrilled as you are given that our successful efforts here in Georgia resulted in. I will keep you abreast of our progress as I continue this campaign of total war, but barring any unforeseen circumstances, I expect to march my troops into in early February.

Sincerely,

General Sherman

 

 

As the Civil War drew to a close, the battles remained brutal as Generals Grant and Lee skirmished throughout Virginia. On April 9, 1865, however, both men convened at the Appomattox Courthouse to bring an end to the war between North and South. Imagine that you’ve found a tattered newspaper in an attic in New York dated April 10, 1865, that describes the last year of the war and its outcome. Due to the age and condition of the newspaper, however, some of the words are difficult to read.

Based on the narrated map, select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the article.

Victory at Long Last!

Finally, the war is over. The North and the South engaged in gruesome battles over the last year, perhaps none more grizzly than the Battle of, where trapped soldiers burned to death in great numbers. But after months of skirmishes with General Lee’s army all over the state of Virginia, Union forces finally overtook just one week ago. Lee retreated with his armies, but Grant’s men foiled their plan to rearm and ultimately elicited Lee’s surrender. Though we are overjoyed to announce an end to this long and bloody conflict, the Union forces must remain vigilant as outlying Southern armies remain in the field and Confederate Jefferson Davis is still at large.

 

 

As the Civil War dragged on, increasingly bloody battles took place along the border states in the West and across the deep South. Though Confederate forces scored a few victories across scattered battlefields, the Union army eventually wore down its opponents. The South surrendered in early April 1865.

Based on the narrated maps of the major battles of the Civil War that took place between 1862 and 1865, complete the following timeline.

August 1862

December 1862

July 1863

November–December 1864

 

September 17, 1862

May 1863

March 1864

April 3, 1865

 

September 1862

June 1863

July 4, 1863

April 9, 1865

 

Determine which event or events match each description. Check all that apply.

Description
Fredericksburg
Gettysburg
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Violence directed at civilians
 
 
 
 
Confederate victory
 
 
 
 
Union army had better position
 
 
 
 
 

Description
Antietam
Chancellorsville
Richmond
Resulted in the capture of the Confederate capital
 
 
 
 
Battle fought in North
 
 
 
 
Union stronger at outset
 
 
 
 
 

Description
Gettysburg
Vicksburg
Appomattox
Confederate attack on Union
 
 
 
 
Important Mississippi River fort
 
 
 
 
Final surrender of the war
 
 
 
 
 

Quiz Politics and Dissension

Imagine you are a Radical Republican congressman and are having a private meeting with Abraham Lincoln about the war and slavery in 1864. The conversation might go something like this.

Select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the dialogue.

YOU: I must say Mr. President, I am your issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation in many respects. I know many of my Democratic colleagues would prefer to, but you did the right thing. However, I wish that the proclamation also affected.

LINCOLN: Yes, I know where you and your wing of our party stand. But remember what I said to Mr. Greeley. My primary goal is to.

YOU: Very well. However, in all your moderation, remember that we have passed a law forbidding the. Hopefully we will resolve this all soon.

 

Imagine you are a Confederate congressman and are having a private meeting with Jefferson Davis about the power of government. The conversation might go something like this.

Select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the dialogue.

YOU: Mr. President, you know we have some serious issues facing us. First of all, we’re short on manpower for the army.

DAVIS: Yes, I know. That is why we. But even that hasn’t yielded as many men as I’d hoped because of the exemptions for men with at least. And we have trouble even mobilizing the troops we have already!

YOU: Why is that?

DAVIS: Well, to really wage this war to our fullest capacity, we would need to authority, but the states won’t accept that. The reason we are fighting this war is to preserve. Some say I should exert more authority to win the war, but then others call me a! I don’t know what to do.

 

Imagine you are a Radical Republican congressman and are having a private meeting with Abraham Lincoln about the war and slavery in 1864. The conversation might go something like this.

Select the correct response from each dropdown menu to complete the dialogue.

YOU:  Mr. President, I have read over your proposals for postwar reconstruction, and I must say I am dismayed. You are being. Why require only percent of Southerners to swear a loyalty oath to the Union? It should be more like.

LINCOLN: We must be charitable to our former enemies. Besides, ours is not the only wrath they may face. Their could make life difficult for them if we demand too many compromises. And besides, we must be conciliatory even for the sake of Union politics. want to bring the South back into the country but allow slavery. We must offer the South something if we are going to take their slaves.